Beijing, the capital of the Republic; Tiananmen Square, the heart of the capital. "I love Tiananmen Square in Beijing, where the sun rises...", This popular song is exciting and has endless aftertaste. Tiananmen Square in Beijing has made countless people longing for and truly yearning for it. I have been lucky enough to have been to Beijing four times in my life. Every time, I have to go to Tiananmen Square even if I make a bend on the road to feel the majesty and greatness of Tiananmen Square, listen to the echoes and images of history, and observe the glory and prosperity of reality. Every time, there are new feelings and new thoughts. Tiananmen Square has witnessed the glorious journey of the great motherland from standing up, getting rich, and becoming strong. Tiananmen Square is a holy place that people never get tired of visiting and visiting frequently.

Tiananmen Square is located in the center of Beijing City-East Chang 'an Street, Dongcheng Area. Starting from Tiananmen Square in the north, Zhengyangmen in the south, the National Museum of China in the east, and the Great Hall of the People in the west. It is 880 meters long from north to south, 500 meters wide from east to west, and has an area of 440,000 square meters. It can accommodate 1 million people to hold grand gatherings. It is the world's largest city square. On October 1, 1949, the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China was held here. In the center of Tiananmen Square stands the Monument to the People's Heroes and the solemn Memorial Hall of Chairman Mao. On the west side of the square is the Great Hall of the People, on the east side is the National Museum of China, and on the south side are two ancient towers built in the 14th century-Zhengyang Gate and Qianmen Arrow Tower.

The Tiananmen Gate Tower is located at the northern end of the square and the southern end of the Palace Museum. It faces Tiananmen Square, the Monument to the People's Heroes, Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, the Great Hall of the People, and the National Museum of China across Chang 'an Street, covering an area of 4800 square meters. Tiananmen Square was the main entrance of Beijing's Imperial City in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It was built in the 15th year of Yongle of the Ming Dynasty (1417). It was originally named "Chengtian Gate", which means "heaven starts the destiny and is ordered by heaven". It was called Tiananmen Square after being rebuilt in the eighth year of Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty (1651). It consists of two parts: a city platform and a tower. It has a white marble Sumizuo, five towers at the gate of Tiananmen Square, and nine towers. It is 33.7 meters high. The tower is 66 meters long and 37 meters wide. On both sides are the Working People's Cultural Palace and Zhongshan Park. These majestic buildings are integrated with Tiananmen Square to form Tiananmen Square, becoming a major attraction in Beijing. There are five watchtowers under the city floor. The ticket gate in the middle is the largest and is located on the central axis of Beijing's Imperial City. In the past, only the emperor could enter and exit from this. A portrait of Chairman Mao Zedong hangs above the center entrance, with large slogans reading "Long Live the People's Republic of China" and "Long Live the Great Unity of the People of the World" on both sides. From the Tiananmen Gate Tower, you can have a full view of Tiananmen Square. Tickets are 15 yuan.

The Great Hall of the People is located on the west side of Tiananmen Square and the south side of West Chang 'an Street. It is the site of the National People's Congress and the office space of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. It is an important place for the party, the state and various people's organizations to hold political activities. It is also a place where party and state leaders and the people hold political, diplomatic and cultural activities. The Great Hall of the People faces west and east. It is 336 meters long from north to south, 206 meters wide from east to west, and 46.5 meters high. It covers an area of 150,000 square meters and has a building area of 171,800 square meters, which is larger than the entire building area of the Forbidden City. The National People's Congress, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and the National Congress of the Communist Party of China held every five years are held here every year by the Party and the country.

Chairman Mao Memorial Hall is a memorial hall for the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries headed by Comrade Mao Zedong. It is a national patriotic education base. It is located at the southern end of Tiananmen Square and on the central axis of Beijing, with a total construction area of 28000 square meters. The body of Chairman Mao Zedong is placed, and there are memorial rooms for the revolutionary achievements of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Deng Xiaoping and Chen Yun. Through a large number of photos, documents and objects, the memorial room shows Mao Zedong's great achievements in various periods of China's revolution and construction and the struggle of the Communist Party of China under the leadership of the people in revolution and construction. On open days, you can visit the memorial hall to pay homage to Chairman Mao's remains. It is also a great blessing in life to witness the true face of a great man of a generation.

The Monument to the People's Heroes is located in the center of Tiananmen Square in Beijing, on the north-south central axis about 463 meters south of Tiananmen Square and 440 meters north of Zhengyang Gate. It was built by the government of the People's Republic of China to commemorate the people's heroes who have sacrificed their lives in all struggles since 1840 to oppose internal and external enemies, strive for national independence and people's freedom and happiness. On September 30, 1949, the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference adopted the decision to establish this monument. In the evening of that day, Mao Zedong and all CPPCC members attended the groundbreaking ceremony. Mao Zedong used a shovel to shovel earth and laid the foundation stone for the monument. Construction officially began in August 1952 and was designed by Liang Sicheng and others. Famous architects, sculptors, artists and outstanding national sculptors all participated in the construction of the monument. The monument was built with 17,000 pieces of granite and white marble. The base covers an area of more than 3,000 square meters, and the body of the monument is 37.94 meters high. It is the first building built in the square after the birth of New China. It is also the largest monument in Chinese history. Construction started on August 1, 1952, completed on April 22, 1958, and unveiled on May 1, 1958. In 1961, it was announced by the State Council of the People's Republic of China as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. On April 28, 2018, the second meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress designated September 30 every year as Martyrs 'Day. So far, on September 30 every year, party and state leaders, together with representatives from all walks of life in the capital, present flower baskets to the people's heroes.

The National Museum of China, referred to as Guobo, is located on the east side of Tiananmen Square and the south side of East Chang 'an Street, opposite the Great Hall of the People from east to west. The predecessor of the National Museum of China was the Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of Chinese Revolution. It is a famous collection museum that systematically collects ancient, modern, contemporary history and precious cultural relics of China. It is a comprehensive museum integrating both history and art, integrating collection, exhibition, research, archaeology, and public education. and cultural exchanges. As of the end of 2013, the museum has a total construction area of nearly 200,000 square meters, the number of collections of the National Expo is more than 1 million, and the number of exhibition halls is 48.

The Tiananmen viewing platforms are located on both sides in front of Tiananmen Square and are symmetrical between east and west, with 7 platforms each. They are mainly used for viewing major celebrations such as National Day. The Tiananmen Observatory was originally a temporary brick-and-wood structure for the founding ceremony. In 1954, according to the design plan of the famous Chinese architect Zhang Kaiji, a permanent observatory with a brick-concrete structure was rebuilt on the original basis.

The basic structure of the Guanli Terrace is a large-diameter reamed pile structure; the main structure is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete shear wall structure; the walls of the lounge, VIP room and toilet are made of structural reinforcement, waterproof coating and new materials and new technologies for external wall insulation boards; The entire building has improved modern functions such as pressure resistance and crack resistance, thermal insulation, fire and lightning protection. The new viewing platform has a total construction area of 4008 square meters. The viewing platform has a high slope in the north and a low slope in the south, with trapezoidal steps inside and a total capacity of 21000 people.

Zhengyang Gate is commonly known as Qianmen, Qianmenlouzi, and Daqianmen. It was originally named Lizheng Gate. It was the main south gate of Beijing's inner city during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is located at the southernmost tip of Tiananmen Square on the north-south central axis of Beijing and south of Chairman Mao Memorial Hall. Founded in the 17th year of Yongle (1419) of Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty, it is one of the "Nine Gates of the Capital" in old Beijing. It integrates Zhengyangmen Tower, Arrow Tower and Wengcheng. It is a complete ancient defensive building system. According to local chronicles, the towers and arrow towers at that time were magnificent in scale and tall in shape; the Weng City was vigorous and was a representative of the old Beijing city wall architecture. Only the towers and arrow towers were left, and they were the only relatively complete city gate in Beijing. There is the Beijing Folk Customs Exhibition Hall on the tower. On January 13, 1988, the State Council announced it as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

The Tiananmen flag-raising ceremony is the most sacred ceremony worth participating in and watching in life. On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong personally pressed the button to raise the first five-star red flag. On October 1, 1990, the flag-raising ceremony became even more solemn after the promulgation of the National Flag Law.

On the first day of each month, the national flag is raised in a formation of 126 people, with 96 flag guards and 30 ceremonial soldiers, each wearing 14-style land, sea and air force gowns. From front to back, the flag guard team consisted of 3 members of the national flag group, 3 members of the army, navy and air force team leaders, and 90 members of the army, navy and air force. The 90-member team members are organized into a 6-way and 15-column marching formation, which is divided into 5 steps: preparation, flag welcome, flag protection, flag raising and return, and the whole journey is 10 minutes. The flag-raising ceremony on major festivals is generally carried out in accordance with the national flag raising plan on the first day of each month. In special circumstances, the number of formations is increased and the salute is fired according to the needs of the mission. On weekdays, the national flag is raised in a formation of 66 people, with 3 people in the national flag group and 3 team leaders. The 60 team members are organized into 4 routes and 15 columns. It is divided into three steps: flag protection, flag raising and return. The whole process is 8 minutes.

The national flag is lowered according to the 66-person formation plan. The formation form and marching movements are the same as those of the usual flag-raising ceremony. No military band or recorded accompaniment will be arranged. There are two forms of national flag sentry. After the flag is raised, three honor guards wearing land, sea and air force uniforms stand on the sentry position with their bare hands; after the flag is lowered, two honor guards wearing army uniforms stand on the sentry position with their bare hands.

[1] Public transportation: ① Take bus No. 1, No. 2, No. 10, No. 52, No. 59, No. 82, No. 90, No. 99, No. 120 and No. 126 in the urban area and get off at "Tiananmen East";② Take bus No. 2, No. 5, No. 120, No. 126, Line 1 and Line 2 in the urban area and get off at "Tiananmen Square East";③ Take bus No. 2, No. 5, Line 120, No. 126, Line 1 and Line 2 in the urban area and get off at "Tiananmen Square West"; ④ Take bus No. 5, No. 8, No. 17, No. 48, No. 59, No. 66, No. 67, No. 69, No. 71, No. 82, No. 93, No. 120, No. 126, No. 723, No. 729, BBRT Line 1, T11, T7, T1, and T2 in the urban area and get off at the "Qianmen".

[2] Subway: Take Metro Line 1 in the urban area and get off at Tiananmen East Station. Exit at Exit A and D. Or take Metro Line 1 and get off at "Tiananmen West" Station and exit at Exit B and C; take Metro Line 2 in the urban area and get off at "Qianmen" Station and exit at Exit A, B and C.