All Beijing residents have walked through the Second Ring Road, and half of the Chinese people have also walked this road. Anyone who has walked this road knows that there is a Tianning Temple Bridge on the West Second Ring Road, with a tall pagoda and chimney by the bridge. That pagoda is the Liao Pagoda in Tianning Temple, and that chimney is the second heat in Beijing. The second heat is the Beijing Second Thermal Power Plant, and the first thermal power plant is located in Bawangfen.

Where there is a tower, there must be a temple, so underneath the Tianning Temple Tower, there must be Tianning Temple, right? Moreover, logically speaking, this temple must be older than the tower. So, this Tianning Temple must be in front, with its tower at the back. In most cases, temples can still survive without that tower. The Liao Pagoda we saw in Chifeng the other day is also missing from the temple and the pagoda is still there. A few years ago, I also saw a Tianning Temple in Zhengding. The temple is gone, but the Lingxiao Pagoda in the temple is still there. That tower is an even older Tang Pagoda.

The history of this Tianning Temple in Beijing is quite long, dating back to the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei. Northern Wei was the most powerful country in the north during the Northern and Southern Dynasties period. At the beginning, Emperor Daowu Tuoba Ting established his capital in Pingcheng, which is now Datong. Later, Emperor Xiaowen Tuoba Hong moved his capital to Luoyang, promoting the prosperity of Northern Wei. The Northern Wei Dynasty was a Xianbei people's regime and also a minority ethnic group. They had a very cruel system, which was the death of their son and noble mother. After Tuoba Hong was appointed as the crown prince, his birth mother was executed. During the reign of Emperor Xiaowen, there was not yet Beijing, but a Youzhou. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Xingfo built a Guanglin Temple in this Youzhou. Without specifying the specific year, it can be said to be around 475 AD, which is 1500 years old. In the second year of Renshou reign of Emperor Wen of Sui Yang Jian (602 AD), the Han people became emperors again and established their capital in Daxing City, which is now Xi'an. There is still only Youzhou City here in Beijing, and this Guanglin Temple has been renamed by the new great monk, Hongye Temple.

Two hundred years after Shakyamuni Buddha's Nirvana, Ashoka became the largest king in India. He later converted to Buddhism and began worshipping Buddha relics. In the first century AD, King Kaniska expanded the Sanchi Pagoda built by Ashoka to become the largest stupa in India. In 2006, the Indian government funded the construction of a Buddhist temple at the White Horse Temple in Luoyang. This temple was modeled after the Sanqi Pagoda, but there were no Buddhist relics inside. The White Horse Temple was built by Indian monks during the Eastern Han Dynasty when Buddhism was spreading eastward. Since then, many Buddhist relics have been introduced to China. During the reign of Emperor Wen of Sui, Buddhism flourished and he built pagodas everywhere to worship Buddhist relics. Some people say that King Ashoka of India gave Emperor Wen of Sui a batch of Buddhist relics, but it is actually impossible because Emperor Wen of Sui was seven to eight hundred years later than King Ashoka and five hundred years later than King Kaniska. Anyway, Emperor Wen of Sui obtained a batch of Buddhist relics, so he built pagodas everywhere to hide these relics. It is said that a total of thirty pagodas were built in various places. A tower has also been built here at Hongye Temple, also for the purpose of preserving Buddhist relics. That is to say, the Tianning Temple Pagoda existed as early as the second year of Renshou in the Sui Dynasty. It is said that this tower in the Sui Dynasty was a wooden pagoda, which is difficult to last. The oldest surviving wooden pagoda is the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda in Shuozhou, Shanxi, built in the second year of the Qingning reign of the Liao Dynasty (1056). In the second year of the Kaiyuan era (713 AD) of Emperor Xuanzong Li Longji, who was close to Yang Yuhuan, a high monk came to Hongye Temple and renamed it Tianwang Temple. During the reign of Emperor Wu of Tang, Li Yan destroyed the Buddha in Huichang, and the Hongye Temple was also destroyed to a great extent. The wooden pagoda must have been destroyed, and it is unknown whether the Buddhist relics inside were also destroyed. Although the Sui Dynasty wooden pagodas in Tianning Temple are no longer there, one can probably imagine their appearance. They are definitely tower style pagodas similar to those in Yingxian, with most of them being tower style pagodas during the Sui and Tang dynasties.
After Sui, it was Tang, and after Tang, it was the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. In the late Tang Dynasty, the chieftain Li Keyong, who suppressed the Huangchao Uprising, rose to power and became the governor of Hedong. His son Li Cunxu was even more radical and proclaimed himself king, which was the Later Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties period. Shi Jingtang, the Hedong Jiedushi of the Shatuo tribe, led by Li Congke, the last emperor of the Later Tang Dynasty, rose up in Taiyuan to overthrow Li Congke. However, he was unable to defeat him, so he offered to cede the Sixteen Prefectures of Youyun as a condition and recruited the Khitan people of the Northern Liao Dynasty to help. With the support of the Khitans, Shi Jingtang established Later Jin and became the son emperor of the Khitan Liao King. After the Khitans entered the border, they established the accompanying capital of Nanjing Youdu Prefecture, also known as Yanjing, based on Youzhou City in Beijing, which is located in the present-day Guang'anmen area. They will definitely carry out some urban construction and civil engineering projects, build houses and roads in Yanjing. This Heavenly King Temple was located in Yanjing City at that time and was also rebuilt as a grand temple. The Emperor of the Liao Dynasty usually sent a relative to stay in Yanjing to guard the southern territory on his behalf. When the last emperor of the Liao Dynasty, Emperor Tianzuo, arrived, the troops stationed in Yanjing were his uncle Yelv Chun and the military governor Yelv Dashi. They continued to engage in urban construction, one of which was to build a tower at the Tianwang Temple.
After Jin Taizu Wanyan Agu captured the capital of Liaozhong, Emperor Tianzuo had to flee to the ends of the earth. After losing contact with Emperor Tianzuo in Yanjing, this uncle Yelv Chun took over the position of Emperor Liao from his nephew and became Emperor Tianxi of Emperor Xuanzong of Liao. He established a new era called the first year of Jianfu, which was 1122. This was the fourth year of Xuanhe of Emperor Huizong of the Northern Song Dynasty in the Central Plains. After Emperor Tianxi ascended to power, he relied on Yelv Dashi to resist the attacks of the Northern Song Dynasty; On the one hand, we still need to continue building those commemorative engineering projects. The tower of Tianwang Temple was just completed at this time, but I don't know if there are any Buddha relics in the tower. Not long after the tower was erected, about three to four months later, Yel ü chun had an overdose of alcohol and suffered from a myocardial infarction before turning back. Therefore, the tower of this Heavenly King Temple became the only trace left by Yel ü chun in history. The Tianning Temple Pagoda we see now was built by Yel ü Chun. A few years ago, when repairing this pagoda, a stone carving was dug out, which is called the Pagoda Merit Monument. It says that the builder of this pagoda back then was Kou Shiying, and it was built in the tenth year of Tianqing reign of Emperor Tianzuo, which is 1120 AD. Afterwards, the Liao Dynasty came to an end; The Northern Liao that Yelv Chun made collapsed in a few years. Yelv Dashi was captured and escaped, and he traveled westward for a long time to build his Western Liao, struggling for more than eighty years. The remnants of the Yelv Khitans in Northeast China have stirred up another Eastern Liao, which has not been delayed for a few years. So, the tower of Tianwang Temple became the last tower of the Liao Dynasty, very representative. After defeating the Liao Dynasty, Jin Taizu Wanyan Aguda took over the Yanjing City and built his own capital here, which was known as Jinzhongdu. The rise of the Wanyan tribe was entirely due to the improper advance and retreat of Emperor Tianzuo of the late Liao Dynasty, and the involvement of the Great Bird. There is a very powerful eagle called Haidongqing in the Jurchen region. Emperor Tianzuo sends several Haidongqing to the Wanyan tribe as tribute every year. Later on, as the number of green people in Haidong decreased, Emperor Tianzuo continued to be insatiable, forcing Wanyan Aguda to lead his tribe to light the lights and fight at night. It was not right, he should have risen up. Two years ago, when we went to Jilin to enjoy the rime, we saw many Manchu people in the area holding a Haidongqing on their arms. The downfall of Emperor Tianzuo was truly a bloodbath caused by a bird. Jin Taizu Wanyan Aguda eventually took over Yanjing and returned to the west in the second year. It was not until the fourth emperor, Prince Hailing Wanyan Liang, moved the capital from Huining Prefecture in Shangjing (now Acheng in the suburbs of Harbin) to Yanjing, making Yanjing the capital of Jin. During the Jin Dynasty, Tianwang Temple was the first temple in the city, and various Jin emperors took good care of and worked hard to manage it, achieving its peak. Moreover, there were also high monks who followed King Hailing into Zhongdu and stayed in Tianwang Temple to chant Buddha. He also changed the temple's name to Da Wan'an Temple. After King Hailing, Emperor Jin Shizong built a Xiangshan Temple in Xiangshan. Later, Emperor Jin Zhangzong named Xiangshan Temple "Da Yong'an Temple", which was one of the two famous "An" series temples in the capital of the Jin Dynasty.
The incense fire of this Da Wan'an Temple continued throughout the Jin and Yuan dynasties, until the end of the Yuan dynasty. However, by the Yuan dynasty, Tianwang Temple was no longer within the boundaries of the city walls of the Yuan dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Huizong at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, various conflicts intensified, leading to people from all over standing up one after another. The Red Turban Army led by Guo Zixing was very powerful along the way. Guo Zixing had no imperial mandate and soon after standing up, he lay down again due to illness. At this moment, Zhu Yuanzhang stepped forward and took the spear inherited by Guo Zixing. He was destined to wear yellow clothes. Zhu Yuanzhang led his generals and subordinates to first conquer Jiqing Road, which is now Nanjing. Then he renamed Jiqing Road as Yingtian Prefecture, where he became the emperor, known as Taizu, and the country's name was Daming. This marked the beginning of the first year of the Hongwu era, which was 1368 AD. Next, the Ming army worked hard and captured the capital city of Yuan. Yuan Dadu was the capital of Yuan Huizong at that time, so he naturally had to resort to extreme resistance. In this city sat a last emperor shouting for soldiers to defend the city, while outside the city was the army of the founding emperor waving flags and shouting. Look, these two groups of emperor's army were fighting fiercely. Finally, the emperor never fought against the first emperor and fled from the capital to the capital. Zhu Yuanzhang said that Yuan Huizong ran well and was in line with the times, so he named him "Yuan Shundi" and changed the name of Yuan Dadu to Beiping. The Marshal of the Ming Army who attacked Dadu was Xu Da, the commander of the First Army Group, and Chang Yuchun, the chief of staff. Their victory was definitely to be celebrated. There is no record of setting fire to the city in history, but the Tianwang Temple outside the city was destroyed at this time, leaving only one brick tower that could not be burned.
In the 31st year of the Ming Hongwu reign, Emperor Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang opened his hand holding the seal handle. Yan King Zhu Di and strategist Yao Guangxiao came and went to Gu Qiu, but they lost Emperor Jianwen to Gu Qiu. Yan King Zhu Di successfully sat on the hot dragon chair that Emperor Jianwen did not sit on, and grabbed the hot seal. He ascended to the throne in Yingtian Prefecture and changed his reign name to Yongle. After Emperor Yongle ascended the throne, he changed Beiping Prefecture to Shuntian Prefecture and began building the capital city, which was Beijing. Not long after, he moved the Ming capital from Yingtian Prefecture to Beijing. After Emperor Yongle ascended the throne, he also did one thing, which was to rebuild the Heavenly King Temple. He not only rebuilt the temple, but also repaired the Liao Pagoda. In the tenth year of the Xuande reign of Emperor Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji (1435 AD), this temple underwent another name change, which is now known as "Tianning Temple". This name is likely inscribed by Emperor Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji, indicating the origin of the "Edict to Build Tianning Temple". In the late Ming Dynasty, Tianning Temple was once again destroyed by war; During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, it was rebuilt and became a famous temple at that time. This Tianning Temple has been framed outside the city wall since the Yuan Dynasty and has never entered the city again. In the early Ming Dynasty, Beijing only had an inner city wall, with the front three gates and one line to the south; Later, the outer city was built and expanded to include the Yongding Gate, Zuo'an Gate, and You'an Gate in the south. To the west of the outer city was Guang'an Gate, with a west side gate to the inner city. The Tianning Temple is neither located in the inner city nor in the outer city, but is adjacent to the outer city wall.
In 1937, the center of Tianning Temple was still the Liao Pagoda. A part of the building in front of the pagoda was demolished and the mountain gate was rebuilt; But all the buildings behind the tower are abandoned. What we see now is the modified appearance during the Republic of China period. The last repair was in 2007, and since then, I have frequently applied oil and plaster, so it still looks shiny and new.

This mountain gate hall is similar to other temples in Beijing, such as Zhusong Temple, which we saw last time in North Beach Street, with stone arched doors and stone arched windows, grey tile single eaved gable roof, and the lower part of the roof is a beam without arch of wooden architecture. Upon entering, one can see that the emotions are a fusion of the Shanmen Hall and the Heavenly King Hall. Sitting in the middle was Maitreya Buddha with a big belly, without a Buddhist niche or backlight. Behind him stood Weituo, back to back. There are no statues of the Four Heavenly Kings on either side, but colorful portraits painted on the wall. The plaque on the door is neither written by Zhu Di nor by Qianlong, but by modern calligraphers during the recent renovation.
As soon as you enter the mountain gate, you can have a panoramic view of everything. The Bell and Drum Tower, East West Auxiliary Hall, and Main Hall are all in the same courtyard. You can also see the Liao Tower and the chimney of the Second Heat behind you.

On the other side of the clock tower, it's shady. Take a look at the drum tower. The newly renovated one should be the one from the Republic of China, with a standard Qing Dynasty architectural style.

The west side hall, the ound ridge roof gable roof, is missing a ridge.

Standing at the entrance of the West Side Hall, you can see all the main characters behind. There is no courtyard wall between the merit monument, main hall, and tower in the back during the Qianlong period. This is now a cultural relic protection unit. Although you can worship Buddha, you can only burn incense in the courtyard. The sedan in the shade of the tree should belong to the director of the management unit or the chief of staff.

Look at the main hall, not the the Shakya ManiHall, but the Reception Hall.

This reception hall is now the second oldest building in this temple after the Liao Pagoda, and should have been rebuilt in the 21st year of the Qianlong reign (1756). Sitting in the middle of the hall is the statue of Amitabha Buddha, made of golden nanmu. On the western mountain wall, there is a painting of Bodhisattva Dashizhi, and on the eastern mountain wall, there is a painting of Avalokitesvara. These three Buddhas and Bodhisattvas are called the Three Saints of the West. The Jieyin Hall is usually located in the backyard of a temple, and there must be another hall in front of this hall, which should be dedicated to the statue of Shakyamuni Buddha. I asked the volunteers in the hall and said that there was a Shakyamuni Temple in front of me, which was already gone when Emperor Qianlong rebuilt it. Normally, there is Maitreya Buddha in the mountain gate, and Shakyamuni Buddha in the middle. This back hall should be the Lamp Burning Buddha; The Western Amitabha Buddha should be on the right side of Shakyamuni in the middle hall, and on the left side is the Eastern Medicine Buddha. This temple has been destroyed several times, and it is possible that the temple and Buddha statues are all in disarray.

This hall is not very high in size. It is five rooms wide and three rooms deep. Above it is a green glazed tile gable roof with a single eave, without arch of wooden architecture beams. Upon entering, all the exposed beams, columns, beams, ridges, and rafters on the roof were old, and no repair records were found, but they should also be from the Qianlong period. I estimate that the framework of this hall is all from the past, and the walls may be new or have been covered with new skin. The main hall is very beautiful when you look inside. It's amazing how beautiful it can be without arch of wooden architecture.

There is no courtyard wall behind the Jieyin Hall, just a tower courtyard. The one standing inside is the famous Tianning Temple Pagoda.

There is a white jade carving in this courtyard. Upon closer inspection, it is a statue of Ziyi Guanyin, definitely a tribute from a wealthy pilgrim in recent years.


There is also a White Marble Xumizuo in front of the tower. It should be a table offering, a modern product. There are no incense burners and vases on the table.

Let's still watch the tower. This is a typical octagonal brick pagoda with dense eaves from the Liao Dynasty, and this style of pagoda was popular during the Liao and Jin dynasties. Let's take a look at the lower part first.

At the bottom, there is a three foot high blue brick platform, followed by a double layered pedestal of the Sumeru pedestal. The upper layer of the Sumeru throne is a common style, with a Buddha statue inside the pot door Buddhist niche and a Vajra warrior standing on the pillar outside the niche. The lower layer of the Sumeru constellation is very interesting. The Buddha statue is not inside the pot door niche, but a lion's head protruding outward; There are no diamond warriors outside the teapot door, but rather flower, grass, and brick carvings. Surprisingly, there is a layer of brick carved railings above the Sumeru pedestal, it's really high-end! I haven't seen this in any other Liaotari. Above the railing are three layers of lotus petals, which is the lotus seat. It is said that on important days, such as Buddha's birthday, the monks in the temple would pour lamp oil into these lotus petals and insert a lamp grass, which would be lit up after dark. I think that scene must be very magical. I just want to see how much lamp oil each lotus petal can hold, jump hard, it can't be reached.
Starting from the bottom layer of the Sumeru constellation, shrink by one circle for each upward layer. The Lotus Seat is the smallest, but it is still two circles larger than the tower body. It can be seen that the Lotus Seat and the first floor eaves on the tower body are the same size. Overall, this tower has a very stable foundation, so it appears particularly stable, giving people a particularly solid feeling. On the lotus pedestal, there is an eight sided brick tower body. Take a look at the brick carving on the south side of the tower body.


It's so exquisite! In the middle is an arched gate, with two Diamond Warriors standing on either side. The Diamond Warriors on the Liao Dynasty brick tower seem to have muscles all over their bodies, and they all look very tense and forceful. The character statue of French realist sculptor Rodin also looks like this. If you look at his Bronze Age, it is a replica of the statue of King Kong. I estimate that Rodin must have traveled to Beijing before and sighed under this tower. When he returned, he sculpted a statue of a warrior from the Bronze Age. Think back to the male actors in the bodybuilding competition, did they all pose in the position of a diamond warrior here? Of course, they first need to practice the bumps and flesh of their background. Above the head of Vajra are two flying bodhisattvas soaring in the clouds and mist, with a hanging curtain canopy at the top. Looking at the door frame again, there are two dragons playing with pearls on the arches. This door has a frame, lintel, fan, and hairpin, which is not uncommon. I have seen brick carved ticket doors like this in the Silver Mountain Pagoda Forest. What surprised me the most was that the lattice core of this door leaf actually contained three intersecting six valonia lattice flowers. These lattice flowers were only used in the imperial palace, and only in the Ming Dynasty imperial palace's Forbidden City. Outside the palace, at most, there were double intersecting four valonia. Will the Khitans of the Liao Dynasty proficiently master the top-level architectural styles of the Han people and even use them in temples? There is a statue of Shakyamuni Buddha placed outside this door, which is in full size: the Sumeru, Lotus, and Backlight are all complete. In the lintel of the arched arch above is a statue of the Vajrayana Buddha, with the Venerable Kasyapa standing on his left hand; Standing on the right hand is the Venerable Ananda. This brick sculpture on the front is truly stunning, exquisite, with a dignified Buddha statue and a flapping King Kong. Looking at the degree of damage to the statue of King Kong and the completeness of those Buddha statues, I estimate that King Kong is an original work from the Liao Dynasty, and the Buddha statues may be new works from the Qing Dynasty or modern times.
On the side is a straight window with brick carved figures. The figures on both sides of the window are no longer visible, and above the window is Bodhisattva Samantabhadra riding a six toothed white elephant heading south.

The front of the east side is basically the same as the south side. There is no statue of Shakyamuni Buddha in front of the door, and inside the lintel, there is also a statue of Vairocana Buddha, which is the Great Sun Tathagata. Its gestures are different from the south side.

The brick carving on the north front is severely damaged, and only the Thousand Handed Avalokitesvara statue can be seen in the lintel.

The brick sculpture on this side window is Manjushri Bodhisattva riding a green haired lion and heading south.

The brick carvings on the tower are really amazing. The Daming Pagoda we just saw in Chifeng is also an octagonal Liao Dynasty brick pagoda with dense eaves, but it is far less exquisite than this one. The top of this Tianning Temple tower is 13 layers of dense eaves, and each layer is covered with brick carved wooden beams, rafters, ridges and arch of wooden architecture. The most amazing thing is that each layer of eaves is covered with green glazed tiles, as well as glazed roof figures and immortals riding chickens. It is amazing that even the sets of animals are complete, too precise! Wind chimes hang under the ridge of the roof. I think it should have been retaken in recent years. The pagoda on the top of the tower is a double-layer lotus shaped brick pearl, which is slightly larger in size compared to the tower. It turns out that this pagoda was renovated in the 21st year of the Qianlong reign, and the original Liao Dynasty pagoda was made of iron, so it should be a rising moon pearl. There are still many Liao Dynasty brick pagodas preserved in northern China, with similar styles. However, this Tianning Temple Pagoda is the last among all Liao pagodas, so it can be made so exquisitely. When this tower was built, due to the extreme extravagance of Emperor Tianzuo, the Liao Dynasty had already reached a dead end. From then on, the precision of the tower can also reflect the luxurious atmosphere of the world at that time. Some people say that the Linglong Pagoda on Linglong Road was built after this Tianning Temple Pagoda. In fact, Linglong Pagoda is closer to other dense eaved brick pagodas of the Liao Dynasty, such as those in the Silver Mountain Pagoda Forest. The biggest difference between the Tianning Temple Pagoda and other Liao Dynasty brick pagodas with dense eaves is its larger base than the tower body, and there is also the outer contour line of the thirteen layers of dense eaves on top. Other Liao pagodas are traditionally in a straight line; Only the Tianning Temple Pagoda is a curved line that contracts inward from above, which was called "Shousha" in the Tang Dynasty. So, the Tianning Temple Pagoda is a special case in the Liao Tower, while the Linglong Pagoda imitates the customs of the Liao Tower.
A courtyard has been rebuilt behind the tower, and there is a newly painted hanging flower door. The workers at the door say that the inside is where the master lives and are not allowed to enter. But I didn't see a monk in uniform in the entire yard except for volunteers wearing plain clothes.


There is also a small Ruyi Gate in the northwest corner. Looking inside, there is a narrow path and a row of houses to the east. It is said that after the retirement of Emperor Yongle's military advisor Yao Guangxiao, he lived in the northwest corner of Tianning Temple. I don't think this is where he lived. The northwest corner of the Ming Dynasty is now gone.


Standing in the silhouette of the pagoda, take a look at its outline.

I have walked countless times on the Second Ring Road and seen this tower countless times. This time, I finally immerse myself and carefully appreciate it. It truly deserves to be the pinnacle of the Liao Pagoda. The proportions of its various parts are very coordinated, and from a distance, one can feel that the tower shape is very symmetrical. It is not as fat as the Chifeng Daming Pagoda, nor is it as small as the Yinshan Pagoda and the Lin Liao Pagoda, making it appear top-heavy and footless. In addition to this type of dense eaved tower, there were also imitation wooden tower towers in the brick towers of the Liao Dynasty. I once saw two brick towers in Zhuozhou, both of which were imitation wooden tower towers. At that time, Zhuozhou was the southernmost part of the Youyun Sixteen Prefectures, adjacent to the Northern Song Dynasty. Over the years, they learned to imitate the Song style pavilions. Although this type of brick pagoda with dense eaves is mostly found in the north, it has also incorporated many more refined Han style pagodas, gradually reducing the rugged style of nomadic tribes. So, this Tianning Temple Pagoda is the pinnacle of the architectural art of the Liao Dynasty's brick pagoda with dense eaves.
I remember seeing a unique Liao Pagoda, which is different from all Liao Pagodas. It has elements of Han Chinese pavilions, Indian covered bowls, and Nepalese covered bowls, mixed together to create a unique style. This special Liao Dynasty brick pagoda is the Tianjin Jizhou White Pagoda, located in the Guanyin Hall south of Dule Temple. I have a picture in my short article "Walking in Jizhou, the sound of the fishing drum is extinct", which can be found online.
When looking at the Liao Pagoda, one must look at this Tianning Temple Pagoda last, not only because it is the last tower of the Liao Dynasty; And most importantly, because it is the most exquisite Liao Tower. There is a saying that "Mount Huangshan returns without looking at the mountain", which also means looking at the Tianning Temple Tower.
Finally, before leaving, take a look back at this exquisite Tianning Temple Pagoda.