In people's impressions, there don't seem to be many ancient poems about Chongqing in history, and there are very few people who can blurt out. In fact, this is a manifestation of a lack of understanding of Chongqing, or a serious lack of publicity in Chongqing in this regard. The performance of Chongqing, let's talk about a county town or a scenic spot in Chongqing, which has few opponents in the country.

The county seat I am talking about is Fengjie, and the scenic spot I am talking about is Baidi City. Fengjie was the jurisdiction of Kuizhou in ancient times. Historically, it has always been the political, experience and cultural center of the surrounding areas. In the Song Dynasty, it also governed nearly 200,000 square kilometers including Chongqing, Guiyang, Dazhou, Zunyi, Bazhong and Enshi.

Poetry of Baidi Cheng

Fengjie not only has a long history, but also has an extremely profound culture. In the long history of the river, it has always been a place where literati and literati competed to recite it. Li Bai, the poet immortal, wrote the world's fastest poem "Chao Fa Bai Di Cheng" here. Du Fu, the poet saint, wrote the world's first legal poem "Climbing Up" here. Liu Yuxi, the poet hero, wrote the world's first love poem "Bamboo Branch Ci" here. In addition, Bai Juyi, Chen Ziang, Wang Wei, Meng Jiao, Li He, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Shipeng, Fan Chengda, Lu You, Famous poets from past dynasties such as Yang Shen, Shen Qing, Wang Shizhen, Zhang Wentao, and Guo Moruo all left a large number of poems here.

According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 1000 poets in history who have left more than 10000 ancient poems in Fengjie. In particular, Du Fu, the poet saint, wrote more than 430 poems during the three years he lived in Fengjie in his later years, accounting for one-third of the poems in his life, and "Climbing Up","Eight Patterns of Autumn Prosperity", and "Song of Kuizhou" are all famous works through the ages. Therefore, Fengjie can be said to be a famous city of poetry through the ages. If everyone knew about this situation, would they still say that Chongqing has no poetry?

Among the tens of thousands of ancient poems in Fengjie, the most are those describing Baidi City. Li Bai's "Chaofeng Baidi City" and "Wushan Pillow Barrier", Du Fu's "Kuizhou Song","Eight Songs of Autumn Xing","Bai Di" and "Three Songs of Entering the House", Bai Juyi's "Four Zhuzhi Ci", Liu Yuxi's "Nine Zhuzhi Ci","Send Hongju to Visit Jiangxi","Send Pei Chushi", Lu You's "Thinking of Shu","Xueqing","Sense of the Past", Li Daoyuan's "Three Gorges", Wen Tingyun's "Jincheng Song", Yang Shen's" Zhuzhi Ci", Zhu Yuanzhang's "Ode to Li Bai Early Fake to Baidi City"... Thousands of poems by hundreds of poets, including Zhu Yuanzhang, clearly mentioned Baidi City.

The origin of Baidi City

Why does Baidi City attract so much literati from past dynasties? Let's take a look at its architectural history first. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Gongsun Shu occupied Shu and built a city on a mountain. One day, he saw a well in the city that often emitted white gas, like a white dragon. He said it was an auspicious sign from the sky, so He took this opportunity to call himself the White Emperor and named the city the White Emperor City. After the death of Gongsun Shu, local people built a temple and erected a statue of Gongsun Shu on the mountain, called the White Emperor Temple.

Baidi City is located in Baidi Village, Baidi Town, Fengjie County, Chongqing City. It is located on the north bank of the Yangtze River at the mouth of Qutang Gorge. It is on Baidi Mountain, looking at Kimen in the east, and facing Baiyan Mountain across the river in the south. The construction of Baidi City was supplemented and built on the basis of city construction in previous dynasties. Baidi City had the phenomenon of cities forming cities and cities suppressing cities. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties War, the mountain city was a defense system of cities connecting cities, cities within cities, and cities outside cities. It has strong military fortress characteristics.

Baidi Temple Gate

Baidi City was originally on a mountain. It became an island after the Three Gorges impoundment. There are many buildings on the mountain. The gate of Baidi Temple is the landmark building of Baidi City. It is decorated with dragons and phoenixes. It is elegant and gorgeous. It was built in the Qing Dynasty and follows the typical architectural style of the Ming Dynasty. The three words "Baidi Temple" in the center of the gate were inscribed by the famous contemporary calligrapher Liu Mengkang in 1957 and are now included in the "Chinese Famous Plaque".

Mingliang Hall

Mingliang Hall is the main hall of Baidi Temple, with a construction area of about 200 square meters. The earliest shrine was the White Emperor Gongsun Shu. In the 12th year of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty, Governor Zhu Tingli and Deputy Commissioner of the Justice Department Zhang Jian changed the sacrifices to Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, and changed the "Sangong Temple" to the "Yizheng Temple". In the thirty-sixth year of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty, Governor Duan Jin added portraits of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei to the temple, taking the meaning of "wise monarch and good minister" and changing "Yizheng Temple" to "Mingliang Temple".

Tuogutang

Tuogu Hall is one of the main buildings of Baidi City. The first hall entering the gate of Baidi Temple is Tuogu Hall. It contains scenes of Baidi City supporting the orphans. In 223 AD, Jingzhou, which Guan Yu guarded, was captured by Wu. Guan Yu was defeated and captured. He refused to surrender and was killed. After hearing this, Liu Bei used all his troops to attack the State of Wu to avenge Guan Yu. At that time, Zhuge Liang was fighting Meng Huo in the south, so he never followed the army. Liu Bei was burned by Wu. After his defeat, his troops retreated to Baidi City and fell ill. So he entrusted Adou Liu Chan to Zhuge Liang.

wuhou temple

When it comes to Wuhou Temple, many friends may think of Chengdu. In fact, there is also a Wuhou Temple in Baidi City commemorating Zhuge Liang. Why is it called Wuhou Temple? Because it was named "Marquis of Wuxiang" by Liu Bei during his lifetime, and was posthumously named "Marquis of Zhongwu" by Liu Chan, the late ruler of the Shu Han Dynasty, after his death, all temples commemorating Zhuge Liang in history were called "Marquis of Wuxiang". The Wuhou Temple in the Baidi Temple is not large, and only houses statues of Zhuge Liang, his son Zhuge Zhan, and his grandson Zhuge Shang.

East and West Stele Forest

On both sides of the Mingliang Hall, there are the West Stele Forest and the East Stele Forest respectively, displaying more than 70 intact stone steles. Among them, the Sui Dynasty steles have a history of 1,3400 years. Among these forest of steles, the "Phoenix Monument" and "Bamboo Leaf Monument" are the most eye-catching. The "Phoenix Monument" uses extremely delicate lines to depict the phoenix known as the "King of Birds", the peony known as the "King of Flowers", and the "King of Trees". Therefore, it is also called the "Three Kings Monument". When viewed from a distance,"Bamboo Leaf Stele" shows three green bamboos, but when viewed closely, it is a five-character poem: "Don't thank the East Bamboo for its meaning, but the Danqing is famous alone. Don't think that the lonely leaves are light and will not wither for a long time."

Guanxingting

There is a small courtyard outside the Wuhou Temple. In the courtyard, there is a two-story and six-corner stargazing pavilion. There is an ancient bell hanging from the pavilion. It is said that when Zhuge Liang led his army into Sichuan, he used to observe stars and elephants on this night and think about military strategies and tactics. Therefore, the "Stargazing Pavilion" is named. As for the year when it was built, Yu Fan never knew it. At that time, I stayed behind in the pavilion and raised a drone to sail. I saw stone tables and stone piers in the pavilion, engraved with Du Fu's famous poem "Eight Poems of Prosperity in Autumn", and the couplet on the pillars of the pavilion" Endless falling under the trees and the rustling sound of the wind."Endless Yangtze River is rolling" is selected from "Climbing Up" written by Du Fu when he lived in Kuizhou.

Statue of Liu Yuxi

On the other side of the Baidi Temple, there is a statue of Liu Yuxi. Liu Yuxi, also known as Mengde, was a litterateur, philosopher, and famous poet of the Tang Dynasty. He is known as a "poet hero". Liu Yuxi advocated innovation politically. Yongzhen was demoted after failing to innovate and served as governor of Kuizhou from 822 to 824. During his stay in Kuizhou, Liu Yuxi was attracted by the unpretentious, optimistic and open-minded spiritual outlook of the people of Kuizhou. He went deep into the lowest level of the people, collected folk songs extensively, actively learned from folk songs, and created "Zhuzhi Ci" imitation folk song poetry.

Bamboo Zhi Love

Next to the statue of Liu Yuxi, there are four performances with the theme of "Love of Bamboo Branches" every day (10:00 a.m., 11:00 a.m., 3:00 p.m., and 4:00 p.m.). The bamboo branch poems are Bayu folk songs that recite local customs, the most famous of which is known as the world's number one love poem,"Willow Green River Level, Wen Lang River Singing Songs. There is sunrise in the east and rain in the west, but there is no sunshine but love." In addition to enjoying song and dance performances here, you can also participate in the game of Flying Flowers Order, and you will also get small gifts if you answer correctly.

It is rare to write such a long travel note for a scenic spot alone. The main reason is that there are too many places to write about Baidi City. It has a long history, rich culture, numerous stories, and rich relics. It is difficult to condense it in an article. I can only write some experiences and emotions, and more needs everyone to come to the scene to experience it.

In particular, it should be noted that now that the Zhengzhou-Chongqing high-speed railway has been opened, it only takes more than an hour from the main city of Chongqing to Fengjie. During this period, you can visit Fengjie's Baidi City Qutang Gorge Scenic Area, Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Longqiao River Scenic Area, Three Gorges Original Hometown, Top of the Three Gorges and other scenic spots, please make an appointment with friends you like.