On April 14, 2019, I made an appointment with myself for this travel note. At that time, I said:

See Shanxi for cultural relics on the ground, and Shaanxi for cultural relics on the ground. Shanxi has been to many times, but Shaanxi has never been to once. This time I finally have the opportunity to visit Xi'an and experience the feeling of dreaming back to the Tang Dynasty.

accommodation

Holiday Inn Express Xian Bell Tower near Xi'an Bell Tower. The hotel is in a good location, easy to go anywhere, there are many restaurants around, and the breakfast is not bad.

traffic

Both Beijing and Xi'an travel trip are by high-speed rail, which is particularly convenient and takes 4 and a half hours.

In Xi'an, there are mainly taxis + mobai.

I rented a car on Ctrip for two days to go to Terracotta Warriors and Famen Temple. The car rental company came to the hotel to pick up and drop off the car for free, which was very convenient.

stroke

Day 1: Beijing to Xi'an, Forest of Steles Museum + Yongning Gate

Day 2: Daming Palace National Heritage Park

Day 3: Terracotta Warriors, Huaqing Pool

Day 3: Famen Temple, Qianling

Day 4: Shaanxi History Museum, Big Wild Goose Pagoda

Day 5: Little Wild Goose Pagoda + Xi'an Museum, ride the Xi'an City Wall, back to Beijing

Let's start with a wave of cheating

Day 1 Forest of Steles Museum Yongning Gate

Take the G89 train from Beijing in the morning and take 4 hours and 31 minutes to arrive at Xi'an North Railway Station at 11:24 noon. When I was at the high-speed railway station, I hesitated whether to take the subway or take a taxi. At that time, I felt that taking the subway was too tiring, so I took a taxi. Afterwards, this choice proved to be wrong. Xi'an was too congested! It took an hour and a half to get to the hotel, and it only took more than 50 minutes by subway.

After checking in at the hotel, I came out to find food. I love the Golden Arch very much. There are actually two houses near the Bell Tower. It's great!

After eating, take a stroll nearby.

The Drum Tower was built in 1380 in the 13th year of Hongwu of the Ming Dynasty.

The Bell Tower was built in 1384 in the 17th year of Hongwu of the Ming Dynasty. It was first built at today's Guangji Street Corner. Opposite the Drum Tower, it was moved to this site in the 10th year of Wanli of Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty (1582).

I found a Mobai and rode it to the Forest of Steles Museum.

Xi'an Stele Forest was first built in the second year of Yuanyou of Song Zhezong (1087). It was originally a Confucian temple and a government school. In the second year of Yuanyou, Lu Dazhong, deputy envoy of Shaanxi Province, saw the mixed houses of Shijing Land preserved in the western corner of Shangshu Province of the Tang Dynasty. They were located under a depression, so he moved Shijing and other Tang and Song steles to the North Yong of Fuxue. After generations of collections, the scale has gradually expanded. There are more than 11000 cultural relics in the collection, including 134 pieces in 19 groups of national treasure cultural relics and 535 pieces of first-class cultural relics.

Tickets are 65, and the joint ticket with the city wall is 100 yuan. Tickets for the city wall are 54. The joint ticket is still more cost-effective.

Panchi and Lingxingmen are standard features in the Confucian Temple.

Taihe Yuanqi Square, Taihe Yuanqi means that Confucius 'thought embodies the most essence and noble side of the entire human thought. Just as heaven and earth give birth to all things, it can make human thought reach a supreme state.

halberd gate

Jingyun Bell is a bronze bell cast for Jinglong Temple in the Tang Dynasty. It is a national first-class cultural relic. It is one of the first batch of cultural relics banned in China from being exhibited abroad. It is known as the world's first bell and was once hung in the Bell Tower of Xi'an. In the second year of Jingyun of the Tang Dynasty (711), Li Dan, the Emperor Ruizong of the Tang Dynasty, toured Zhouzhi and stayed in the palace at night. He dreamed that the sky was full of light and auspicious clouds were shrouded in it. He thought it was an auspicious sign, so he ordered the casting of a bell to mark the occasion. Its value lies in the inscription on the bell. This inscription was personally written and written by Li Dan, Emperor Ruizong of the Tang Dynasty. The content is to promote Taoist teachings, explain the origin of Jinglongguan, the making process of the bell and praise of the bell. It is the only bronze bell in the world written by the emperor and oversaw the casting.

The Shitai Sutra of Filial Piety was written by Li Longji of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. It was moved here in the second year of Yuanyou of the Northern Song Dynasty (1087). It is one of the earliest collections in the forest of steles. Li Longji's official script is elegant and luxurious, and is known as Kaiyuan style in the world.

The Forest of Steles Museum has 7 exhibition rooms to preserve inscriptions from past dynasties. If you have the conditions, you must ask for an explanation. If you read it yourself, you really can't understand anything.

Guangzhi Sanzang Monk Monument, this monument is also called the Bu Empty Monk Monument. The inscription records the deeds of monk Bu Kong, a senior tantric monk, teaching tantric teachings and translating Mahayana Buddhist scriptures at Daxingshan Temple in Chang 'an. Bu Kong is known as the three great scholars of Kaiyuan, and the other two are Shan-Fearless and Vajra Zhi. They founded the tantra sect of Han Buddhism, also known as Tang Mi. Bu Kong's disciple Huiguo passed on the teachings of Tantra to the Japanese monk Kong Hai. After Kong Hai returned to Japan, he founded the Shining Sect, which is also called Dongmi compared to the Tiantai Tantra Sect (i.e. Taimi) taught by Chucheng.

Nestorianism is popular in China in Daqin. Daqin was the name for the Roman Empire in ancient China, and Nestorianism was the name for the Christian Nestorians. The inscription records the doctrine, rituals and activities of Nestorianism in the 150 years since Nestorianism was introduced to China in the ninth year of Zhenguan of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 635). It also contains Christian names engraved in ancient Syria. This stele provides valuable information for studying ancient Sino-foreign exchanges and the early spread of Christianity in China.

In the fourth year of Xiping's Emperor Ling of the Eastern Han Dynasty (175 AD), he began to carve Confucian classics in stone in Luoyang Imperial College as a standard for collating manuscripts. It was historically called Xiping's Stone Sutra. This piece is a remnant stone of the Book of Changes, with more than 450 words written by Cai Yong in official script.

Wu Daozi Guanyin Statue

Tang Xingqing Palace Picture

Mi Fu's four-screen poem stele, Mi Fu's book, was copied in the Qing Dynasty.

He gave Yang Sichang a marching poem and a letter from Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty.

Lin Zexu's poem about traveling to Huashan was written when Lin Zexu was exiled to Ili and passed through Huashan.

The Chunhua Pavilion Post in Shaanxi Province was engraved in the third year of Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty (1646 AD). In the third year of Chunhua of the Northern Song Dynasty (992 AD), Zhao Guangyi, Taizong of the Song Dynasty, ordered the king to copy the ink prints collected in the palace on jujube boards. Because it was engraved during the Chunhua period, it was named Chunhua Pavilion Post. The original post was destroyed in fire shortly after it was carved. In the forty-third year of Wanli of the Ming Dynasty (1615 AD), Zhu Shenyao, King of Suxian, built the original carving stone and hid it in the Lanzhou Fushan Office, called the Lanzhou edition. The Shaanxi edition is a copy of the Lanzhou edition cast by Fei Jia. It has a total of 10 volumes, 145 stones, and inscriptions on both sides. The first five volumes of Chunhua Pavilion calligraphy are written by emperors, famous ministers and famous calligraphers of past dynasties, and the last five volumes are written by Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi. They are famous calligraphy manuscripts in ancient China.

In the Stone Carving Art Room, the exhibition content mainly includes tomb stone carvings from the Han Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Guan ping

Zhou Cang

stone lamp

This is the famous Six Horses of Zhaoling. The six steeds of Zhaoling were originally placed on the east and west sides of the altar in the north of the Zhaoling tomb of Li Shimin, Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. During the Zhenguan period, Li Shimin issued an edict ordering Yan Liben to depict the six horses he had ridden, and Yan Lide presided over them to re-carve them on the stone. Li Shimin personally wrote four words of praise, Ouyang Xun wrote them, and Yin Zhongrong carved them on the upper left corner of the stone statue.

In 1912, Frenchman Paul Malone spent a lot of money and sent a man named Granz to Shaanxi through Frenchman Monsel A. Grusan in Beijing to try his best to transport Shi Jun away. One day in May 1913, when two stone steeds, Sa Luzi and Quan Mao, were secretly transported down the mountain from Zhaoling, local villagers heard the news and intercepted them. In desperation, the thieves pushed the precious stone carvings into the cliff. Later, the fragments of Shi Jun were confiscated by the Shaanxi Province government. In 1915, Beijing antique dealer Zhao Hefang used his relationship with Yuan Shikai's second son Yuan Kewen to ask Shaanxi Governor Lu Jianzhang for these two stone carvings in the name of preparing the Yuan Family Garden. Shi Jun was transported to Beijing and sold to a multinational antique dealer Lu Qinzhai, who shipped them to the United States. In March 1918, Gordon, then director of the Museum of Archaeology and Palaeoanthropology at the University of Pennsylvania, saw these two stone steeds for the first time in the warehouse of the Metropolitan Museum in New York. After more than two years of fundraising, the Museum of Archaeology and Paleontology at the University of Pennsylvania finally purchased the Zhaoling Two Horses for US$125,000 at the end of 1920. So, there are only four authentic works here.

Tang Gaozu Li Yuan presented the stone rhinoceros in front of the mausoleum. There is an original pair, and this is one of them. It is 3 meters long, 2 meters high, and weighs 10 tons. It is said that this was a pair of rhinoceros (which should be Javan rhinoceros) presented by the State of Lin Yi (now southern Vietnam) during Li Yuan's lifetime. Li Yuan loved it very much and kept it banned. After death, he carved stones in their appearance and stood them in front of his tomb. The craftsmen who made this stone rhinoceros are very skilled. Although this stone rhinoceros is tall, the proportion is very appropriate, and the folds and scales of the skin are vividly depicted.

Tang Gaozu Li Yuanxian the stone tiger in front of the tomb.

Li Shou's stone coffin and epitaph. Li Shou, also known as Shentong, was the cousin of Li Yuan, the Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty. He was granted the title of King of Huai 'an Prefecture. He was a founding hero of the Tang Dynasty. The Tang army in Shandong was all under the control of Li Shentong. After his death, he was given a sacrifice to the temple of Li Yuan, the Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty. The stone carvings in his tomb are rare masterpieces in the early Tang Dynasty.

tomb door

epitaph

The famous Li Xiaohai's sarcophagus says that you will die if you open the coffin. The owner of the sarcophagus was named Li Jingxun. He was only 9 years old when he died. He was the granddaughter of Yuwen Yun, Emperor Xuan of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and Empress Yang Lihua (the eldest daughter of Emperor Yang Jian of the Sui Dynasty). She was raised in the palace since childhood and was very loved.

In the Stone Carving Art Museum is a Chang 'an Buddhist Rhythm Exhibition, which displays Buddhist stone carvings from the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Song Dynasty.

Coming out of the Forest of Steles Museum, it is opposite Wenchang Gate. From here, you can climb the city wall and walk to Yongning Gate.

Yongning Gate, Xi'an calls it the South Gate, meaning eternal peace. Yongning Gate should be the longest-used gate in Xi'an. It was first built in the Sui Dynasty. At that time, it was called Anshangmen and was the south gate of the palace city. The existing city gate defense system is complete, including the main building, Wengcheng, Arrow Tower, Moon City, and Gate Tower. Although it is rebuilt, it is still good.

Day 2 Daming Palace National Heritage Park Yongning Gate

I got up in the morning and had breakfast at the hotel. I came out to sweep a Mobai and rode for more than 20 minutes to the Daming Palace National Heritage Park.

Daming Palace, the main palace of the Great Dynasty of the Li Tang Dynasty, was one of the three major palaces in Chang 'an. It was called Dongnei (Taiji Palace in the west and Xingqing Palace in the south). Of the 21 emperors of the Tang Dynasty (including Wu Zetian), 17 lived and worked here for a long time. The Daming Palace is located in the northeast of Chang 'an City. It was originally built by Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty in 634 AD for his father Li Yuan, Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty. The project was stopped due to Li Yuan's death. In the second year of Longshuo of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (662 AD), Daming Palace was built on a large scale because Li Zhi suffered from wind disease and could not bear the dampness of Taiji Palace. The scale of the Daming Palace is extremely large, covering an area of 3.2 square kilometers, 4.5 times the size of the Forbidden City in Beijing. The project was carried out with the help of the Li Tang Dynasty and the whole country. For this reason, all officials were suspended for three months, and some officials also made donations. The architectural layout of Daming Palace's front court and back court, symmetrical axis, and three halls (including Yuan Hall, Xuanzheng Hall, and Zichen Hall) laid the foundation for the layout of palaces in East Asia after the Tang Dynasty. It had a far-reaching impact and was the peak of Chinese palace architecture. It is known as the Palace of Thousands of Palaces. Unfortunately, such a gorgeous palace complex was devastated during the war of the late Tang Dynasty and was eventually demolished by Zhu Wen, leaving only ruins behind.

In 2010, the Daming Palace National Heritage Park was completed.

In 2014, the Daming Palace site was selected as a World Heritage Site.

Daming Palace National Heritage Park is divided into free areas and toll areas. The adult ticket in the toll area is 65 yuan, including Danfengmen Ruins Museum, Daming Palace Ceramic Art Museum, Daming Palace Ruins Museum, Archaeological Exploration Center and various hall ruins. The 3D movie "Legend of Daming Palace" is 30 yuan. The joint ticket is 95 yuan, including scenic spot tickets, movie tickets, and ferry battery tickets. There is a discount on online booking. The coupon I bought on Ctrip is 82. Online bookings require redemption at the Tourist Service Center, which is located in the northeast of Danfengmen.

My tour routes are:

Exchange tickets among tourists---"Watch" The Legend of Daming Palace "---" Daming Palace Ceramic Art Museum---"Danfengmen Ruins Museum----" Take a battery car and turn around the whole first---"Hanyuan Hall----" Daming Palace Ruins Museum---"Miniature Landscape---" Xuanzheng Hall---"Zichen Hall---" Taiyechi---"Go back to the exit from the west side of the three halls----" Archaeological Exploration Center.

The park has a huge area. Please bring enough water and food, pay attention to sun protection, and be careful of heatstroke in summer.

The plot of "The Legend of Daming Palace" is a bit cliché, but the Tang costumes and the buildings of Daming Palace inside are still very beautiful and worth seeing.

The Daming Palace Ceramic Art Museum is located on the south side of the Tourist Service Center. It is not large in area. The tri-colored pottery and contemporary pottery figurines displayed inside are worth a visit.

Coming out of the Daming Palace Ceramic Art Museum is opposite Danfeng Gate.

Danfeng Gate is the main south gate of the Daming Palace. There are five doorways and a gatehouse built on it. After emperors ascended the throne, they often used this gatehouse to announce amnesty to the world. The current Danfeng Gate is a protective building built on an archaeological site and open to the public as a museum. The museum mainly displays some architectural components unearthed from Daming Palace and the ruins of Danfeng Gate. You can listen to fixed-point explanations for the joint ticket, and the shift lasts every half an hour.

Danfengmen Site

When you come out of the Danfengmen Ruins Museum, check your tickets and enter the charging area, you will first take a ride in the battery car.

class=fgpe_input Daming Palace National Heritage Park

The ruins of Hanyuan Hall.

Hanyuan Hall was built in the third year of Longshuo (663 AD) and is located on a three-story high platform. The main hall has a width of 11 rooms and a depth of 4 rooms. It has a single eaves on the roof of the hall and has auxiliary steps. There are two pavilions, Xiangluan and Qifeng, on the left and right sides of the hall. On both sides of the hall are the second floors of bells and drums. The halls, pavilions and buildings are connected by flying corridors. The overall plane is in a concave shape. This is the development of the palace system since the Zhou and Han Dynasties and has influenced the palace of the past dynasties to the Meridian Gate of the Forbidden City in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The historical function of Hanyuan Hall is similar to that of the Taihe Hall in the Forbidden City in Beijing. On New Year's Day and Winter Solstice, emperors mostly hold grand festivals here. Unfortunately, such a magnificent palace was destroyed in the war in the second year of Guangqi of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty (886 AD).

Although the main hall has been destroyed, just looking at the existing high platform, one can imagine the grand momentum of Hanyuan Hall back then.

The square in front of Hanyuan Hall is so spectacular. Imagine the grand scene when the Great Court Meeting was held, civil and military officials and envoys from various countries came to pay homage to the Tang Emperor. As the saying goes, thousands of officials looked at Chang 'an and all countries worshipped Hanyuan.

From Hanyuan Hall to the Daming Palace Ruins Museum, the museum introduces the construction history of the Daming Palace and displays some unearthed cultural relics. You can listen to fixed points for a joint ticket, and the shift lasts every half an hour.

Walking east from the museum, you will find the miniature landscape, where you can have a panoramic view of the Daming Palace at its peak.

Xuanzheng Hall is the place where the emperor meets with his ministers, hears government affairs, and holds grand ceremonies such as the new year's official ceremony, and imperial examinations. It is also the administrative center for the emperor's regular court and all officials. The ceremony for Taishang Emperor to impart the national seal to the emperor and the emperor's accession to the throne was also held in Xuanzheng Hall. In December of the second year of Zhide, Xuanzong, as Taishang Emperor, passed the national seal to Suzong in Xuanzheng Hall. On New Year's Day of the following year, Xuanzong wrote Suzong the title of Emperor Xiaogan, the Great Sage of Guangtian Civil and Martial Arts in Xuanzheng Hall.

Wangsendai, Tang Wuzong was obsessed with the art of Taoism and immortals. During the Huichang period, he dispatched more than 3000 people from the Shence Army to build Wangsendai.

Zichen Hall is the third hall on the center axis of Daming Palace. It was built in the third year of Longshuo of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 663). It was the main hall of the Inner Dynasty and the place for daily activities and daily life of the emperor.

North of Zichen Hall is Penglai Hall, which is also one of the palaces where the emperor lived.

Further north of Penglai Hall is Taiye Lake. This garden shape with one pool and three mountains originated from Jianzhang Palace built by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It was built in imitation of the legendary fairyland. One pool refers to Taiye Pool, and the three mountains refer to the mythical three fairy mountains of Penglai, Fangzhang and Yingzhou in the East China Sea.

Lingqi Hall

On the west side of Zichen Hall is Yanying Hall, which was the place where emperors summoned prime ministers and important officials in the late Tang Dynasty. Since the Tang Dynasty, if the emperor had any questions and wanted to consult his officials, or if the ministers had a memorial to submit, it would be done in Yanying Hall. Therefore, it was called Yanying Summoning Dui, Yanying Sermoning Dui, or Yanying Discussing Things. Because there were no guards around and the etiquette was simple, people had to say everything they could. Later, Yanying Hall was gradually opened regularly and became a place where the emperor received ministers and officials on a daily basis and listened to government affairs and deliberations. In addition, some condolence activities were also held here.

To the west of Yanying Hall is the Ideological and Political Hall. In the late Tang Dynasty, emperors sometimes rewarded ministers here.

Guangshunmen Site

hanyuan Hall

The Archaeological Exploration Center is located on the west side of the Imperial Road Square in front of Hanyuan Hall. There are some interactive game activities to experience archaeological excavations and cultural relics restoration. Documentaries on the history of Daming Palace and its excavation and protection work are played cyclically in the hall, so you can watch the movies and rest your feet.

Daming Palace Wall

I arrived at the Daming Palace at more than 10 a.m. and didn't leave until 5 p.m. After shopping, I became a little confused and walked at least 30,000 steps. Before leaving, I took another look at Danfeng Gate. It was so majestic and domineering!

I went back to the hotel to take a shower, soak my feet, and my knees almost lost their intuition.

Go out for roujiamo at night. According to the hotel front desk, this is the most authentic. Ice peak + roujiamo + cold rice noodles should be standard, but I don't like cold rice noodles, so I switched to egg flower soup and oily noodles. Roujiamo is really delicious, just a little salty, and the mouth of Xi'an people is quite heavy. The ice peak gives me the same feeling as the Arctic Ocean, not as sweet and full of breath as the Arctic Ocean.

Eat enough to go back to the hotel to recuperate, and go to the doorway west of Yongning Gate at night to watch the street performance I heard from South Gate.

class=fgpe_input Xi'an City Wall-Yongning Gate

class=fgpe_input Xi'an City Wall-Yongning Gate

Day 3 Qin Shi Huang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Huaqing Palace

In the morning, the staff of the car rental company delivered the car to the hotel and drove off after the handover. I have to complain about the traffic in Xi'an. It's really congested!

After driving for nearly two hours, we arrived in Lintong and entered the parking lot. Looking at the tourist buses, I really fell to the bottom. It was over. The scenic area must be full of people. Passing by the ticket office, there was a long line there. Fortunately, I was smart enough to buy tickets online in advance. It was 120 yuan per adult. The ticket I booked did not need to change. It was very convenient to directly swipe my ID card to enter the park.

After entering the park, I felt the people of the motherland's love for the Terracotta Warriors. It can really be described as a sea of people. Even the men's toilets had to be lined up.

The scenic area includes a total of three terracotta warriors pits and a museum. The tour routes are:

Pit 1--"Pit 3--" Pit 2--"Museum

Among them, Pit No. 1 is the largest and most spectacular, and the copper chariots and horses in the museum are very worth seeing.

Pit No. 1 feels particularly spectacular as soon as you enter. Standing by the pit and looking at these terracotta warriors, I remembered the "Ancient and Modern Wars of the Qin Terracotta Warriors" I had seen when I was a child, and felt that they were just sleeping. Maybe one day they would wake up and continue to defend the Shi Emperor. I would like to remind everyone here that there are many tourist groups and extremely dense people in the Terracotta Warriors Scenic Area. When the exhibition hall was built at No. 1, it may not have been considered that there would be such a large number of tourists coming to visit now, so the roads in the exhibition hall are very narrow compared to the flow of people. Everyone is crowded, and stampede incidents are easy to occur. Therefore, when visiting, you must pay attention to your step and pay attention to your safety. Moreover, the quality of some tourists is extremely low. In order to see the terracotta warriors and horses up and down, they crowded around, resulting in a poor travel experience. Personally, I think I will only come here once and I probably won't come again in the future.

Pit No. 1 is a main army formation with chariots and infantry, with a total area of 14260 square meters and about 6000 life-size pottery figurines.

In March 1974, farmers in Xiyang Village, Lishan Town, Lintong County, discovered several broken earthen-sized pottery figurines fired with soil when digging a well 1.5 kilometers east of the mausoleum. After exploration and trial excavation by the archaeological team of Shaanxi Province, the terracotta warriors were resurfaced. In fact, farmers dug wells nearby before and dug out terracotta warriors. They didn't recognize these terracotta warriors and thought they were gods, so they took them back to their homes and worshipped them. They named them Wapenye.

Open the laboratory, where you can see scientific researchers conducting research and restoration work on the Terracotta Warriors. The original terracotta warriors and horses were all painted brightly and harmoniously. During the excavation process, it was found that some of the terracotta warriors still retained bright colors when they were first unearthed. However, due to oxidation by oxygen after excavation, the color disappeared instantly in less than ten seconds and turned into white ash. All you can see now are the remaining traces of painting.

I don't know if you have noticed, but although the terracotta warriors and horses have different looks and postures, they all have one thing in common, that is, they all have single eyelids! Why is this so? There are two theories here. The first is that Qin Shi Huang had a single eyelid, so the terracotta warriors buried with him had to have a single eyelid. The second theory is that when making terracotta warriors, the process of making single eyelids was simpler and easier, so they were all single eyelids.

I should take a documentary for them sometime, called "I Build Terracotta Warriors in Qin Mausoleum". I wonder if it will be a fire.

Pit No. 3 is the command system of the military formation and covers an area of 524 square meters.

Pit No. 2 is the essence of the Qin Dynasty pit. It covers an area of 6000 square meters and consists of four units. The four square arrays are composed of chariots, cavalry, and crossbows. They are neat, orderly and invincible.

The Terracotta Warriors Pit is an underground tunnel-type civil structure building, that is, a large pit about 5 meters deep is dug from the ground, and parallel soil partitions are built in the middle of the pit. Wooden columns are arranged on both sides of the wall, with crossbars placed on the columns. Shed wood is densely built on the crossbars and soil partition walls. The shed wood is covered with a layer of reed mats and then covered with loess to form a pit roof. The pit roof is about 2 meters higher than the surface at that time. The bottom of the pit is paved with blue bricks. The height of the space from the top to the bottom of the pit is 3.2 meters. After the pottery figurines and pottery horses were put into the pit, the surrounding doorways were blocked with standing trees, and the doorways were filled with rammed earth, thus forming a closed underground building. It can be seen more clearly in pit No. 2.

Coming out of Pit No. 2 and entering the museum, the museum's treasure is the copper chariots and horses. In December 1980, two large painted copper carriages were excavated 20 meters west of the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang, both of which were driven by single shafts, two wheels, and four horses. Wherever the emperor commanded, he drove six, and the rest drove four. It can be seen that the bronze carriage should be the subordinate carriage in the Qin Shi Huang's chariot, also known as the auxiliary carriage and the second carriage.

The No. 1 carriage should be the vertical carriage among Qin Shihuang's chariots, also known as the high carriage. It is equipped with weapons, which should be a variant of a chariot.

The end of the bridle rope of No. 2 carriage has the first four characters of Zhu Shu 'an carriage, which can be identified as an ancient carriage.

kneeling and shooting figurines

Give me your hands and shake it together, okay?

After coming out of the museum, have lunch at the Golden Arch in the commercial street. The commercial facilities in the scenic area are not bad, so you don't have to worry about eating. It's a bit expensive. The Golden Arch set meal is 10 yuan more expensive than the one in the city.

After eating, I drove to the Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin. It was only a few minutes 'drive from the Terracotta Warriors to the Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin, which was not very far. It is recommended to take the shuttle bus in the scenic area. It is 15 yuan per person. The cemetery is too big and it is tiring to walk.

An open burial pit. There are a large number of burial pits and tombs of different shapes and connotations around the Qin Mausoleum, and more than 400 have been discovered.

The resting place of the Ancestral Dragon. After the sixth generation, he advocated long-term policies to govern the universe, swallowed the two Zhou Dynasties and killed the vassals, followed the supreme rule to govern the six directions, and whipped the world with knocking and beating, and shook the world. His majesty shook the four seas. Unify writing, unify weights and measures, write the same language, and train the same track. The world is unified, and he is truly an emperor through the ages! Our country has gone through more than 2,000 years of ups and downs, but it has always been unified. Ancestral Dragon has made great contributions! What is rare is that after more than two thousand years of changes, the tomb of the Ancestral Dragon has not been successfully excavated. Perhaps there is a blessing in the dark.

Remnants of the city wall of the mausoleum area. The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang was built for 39 years from the time the ancestral dragon ascended the throne to the second year of the Second Qin Dynasty. It has two rammed earth walls inside and outside, symbolizing the imperial city and palace city of Xianyang.

After leaving the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, you can drive to Huaqing Palace in more than ten minutes.

I didn't expect that there were so many people in Huaqing Palace and there was no place to park my car. After walking around, I found a parking lot with vacant seats.

Parking the car and coming to the gate. The ticket was 120. When entering the scenic area, I tried to ask for an explanation with others. The total was 90 yuan for 4 people, which was acceptable.

The pool where Imperial Concubine Yang took a bath

The pool where the emperor bathes

The pool where Chiang Kai-shek took a bath when he lived here

Bullet holes left during the Xi'an Incident

The place where Chiang Kai-shek met with the Northwest Army and the Northeast Army.

Huaqing Palace should be the most popular attraction during this trip. The buildings were all newly built after liberation. It is a completely modern and newly built attraction. The ticket is actually 120 yuan, which I think is only worth 20 yuan. The hot spring is a real hot spring, but it costs 50 to soak it, and it's still soaked in a public pool. There are a large number of tour guides soliciting guests at the gate and in the scenic spots. Ben came here to experience the sad love story between Imperial Concubine Yang and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and the thrilling scenes of the Xi'an Incident. However, the reality is that the entire scenic area is filled with a strong commercial atmosphere and the air smells of copper. He will not come again in the future. I don't recommend it.

Day 4 Famen Temple Qianling

Today's itinerary is to go to Famen Temple first and then to Qianling.

Famen Temple is located in Fufeng County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province. It takes about 2 hours to drive from Xi'an. However, I underestimated Xi'an's ability to traffic jams. I drove for more than an hour and still had not left Xi'an. I left at 8 a.m. and arrived after 11 a.m..

Famen Temple is said to be built in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Before the Northern Zhou Dynasty, it was called Ashoka Temple. It was renamed Chengshi Daochang during Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, and Famen Temple during Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty. Famen Temple is famous all over the world for its preservation of Buddha's phalanx relics. It was the most important royal temple in the Tang Dynasty. During the more than 200 years of the Tang Dynasty, eight emperors, Gaozong, Wuhou, Zhongzong, Suzong, Dezong, Xianzong, Yizong and Xizong, successively presented Buddha finger relics six times and two times. Every time the welcoming and sending off was huge, causing a sensation in the government and the public. The emperor paid homage to him, and his rank was unparalleled. When the stupa was being repaired in 1987, the underground palace was discovered, from which the highest Buddhist treasures such as Sakyamuni Buddha's finger bones, copper pagodas, eight-fold treasure envelopes, silver flowers with two wheels and twelve rings of tin staff were unearthed, which caused a sensation in the world. More importantly, when Tang Xizong Li used Tang Mi mandala to support the Buddha bones for the last time, which is of great value for understanding the lost Tang Mi. Tickets are 100 yuan.

The existing buildings in Famen Temple are imitation of the Tang Dynasty built after 1987. The overall layout is centered on the tower. It is different from the current layout of the temple centered on the Daxiong Hall, maintaining the popular layout before the mid-Tang Dynasty.

heaven seat King

In the second year of the late Emperor Longde of the Later Liang Dynasty (922 AD), Li Maozhen, the former Tang Jiedushi and King of Qi, repaired the wooden pagoda. The pagoda was preserved until the Ming Dynasty. In the third year of Longqing in the Ming Dynasty (1569 AD), an earthquake occurred in Fengxiang Prefecture, and the fourth-level wooden tower of the Tang Dynasty that had a history of hundreds of years collapsed. In the seventh year of Wanli of Emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty (1579 AD), local gentlemen Yang Yuchen and Dang Wanliang donated money to build the tower. It took 30 years to build the eight-ridge 13-level brick tower with a height of 47 meters. In August 1976, a major earthquake occurred in Songpan, Sichuan, which affected Fufeng. The second layer of brickwork on the southwest side of the Famensi Tower shattered and fell, and the tower body fell severely to the southwest. Since then, cracks and collapses appeared in the tower body one after another. By September 1981, the top of the tower had fallen on its own, leaving only half of the tower body standing alone on the broken masonry foundation. Rebuilding began in 1986. On April 3, 1987, archaeologists accidentally discovered the Tang Dynasty underground palace under the Famen Temple Tower while cleaning up the tower base.

Famen Temple Pagoda underground palace has a total length of 21.2 meters and an area of 31.84 square meters. It is the largest temple pagoda underground palace found in China so far.

Behind the tower is the Daxiong Hall. Except for the pagoda, everything else in the temple is newly built imitation Tang buildings, which do not mean much.

The cultural relics unearthed in the underground palace are basically preserved in the Treasure Museum.

The four-wheeled and twelve-ringed tin stick with gilded gold and silver flowers is called tin. In fact, it is not made of tin, but when the tin stick ring is shaken, it will make a pattering sound, which is named after the sound. The levels of tin sticks are also different. The one we see belongs to the world's king of tin sticks and the highest specification tin stick. This tin stick has a total length of 1.96 meters and weighs 2390 grams. It is made of 2 taels of gold and 58 taels of silver. It represents the level of the tin stick and the number of drums. The peach-shaped ones are called drums. This tin stick has a total of four drums, each with 3 rings, 4 drums and 12 rings. The 4 drums and 12 rings represent the highest level of Dharma power in Buddhism-the Four Truths and 12 Karma, so its Dharma power is the highest. This level of tin staff can only be qualified to hold Sajiamuni, the founder of Buddhism, so it is the king of tin staff in the world.

From May 5 to 12, 1987, a total of 4 relics were discovered during the opening of the relics underground palace. Two of them were made of white jade, and the other was a relic of a senior monk. These three pieces belong to the shadow bones and are placed together with the spirit bones to protect the latter. The first relic was placed in the eight-fold treasure letter. There are eight layers of the eight-layered treasure envelopes, of different sizes, and layers are stacked one after another, revealing dazzling light. The eight treasure letters are from the outside to the inside: the eighth, silver-edged sandalwood treasure letter. From the appearance, this is an exquisite black lacquer wood letter, in the shape of a cube, with a length, width and height of 30 centimeters. It has carved silver ribs. The whole body is made of extremely precious sandalwood. The inner wall is painted with black lacquer, black and shiny. The so-called top is a letter with an inclined upper edge on the cover. This wooden letter was seriously rotten when it was discovered. The seventh level, the four golden kings top the silver treasure letter. The sixth level is a silver treasure letter with a plain face. The fifth level is that the golden Tathagata says that the silver treasure letter is the top of the silver treasure letter. The fourth level is the six-armed Guanyin Pure Gold Top Treasure Letter. The third weight is a pure gold treasure letter in a gold basket with precious mother-of-pearl. The second layer is a gold basket with precious mother-in-pearl and decorated with a martial artist's stone treasure letter. When you open it to the innermost layer, you will see the first treasure letter, named a pure gold tower with a pearl roof, single eaves and four doors. The eaves at the top of the tower are high. There is a small silver column on the base of the golden tower, only 11 centimeters high.

What the Pagoda of Famen Temple in Tang Dynasty looked like

This is a pagoda from the Ming Dynasty.

It is said that after King Ashoka, the third ruler of India during the Peacock King period, converted to Buddhism 2300 years ago, he offered Buddha relics so that the world could pay homage and commemorated the 200th anniversary of Buddha Sakyamuni's nirvana. With Buddha's Dharmakaya relics as internal collections, 84000 stupas have been built around the world, 19 of which are distributed in China. The Daizhou Tower still exists. It is a white pagoda in the county party committee compound of Dai County, Shanxi Province. The Buddha's crown bone relic in Nanjing's Changgan Tower was discovered during the excavation of the Nanjing Dabaoen Temple site in 2008.

The tower base and underground palace after cleaning up

What the Famen Temple Tower looked like before it collapsed

Panorama of Famen Temple during the Tang Dynasty

During the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty, the stele of "Records of the Restoration of the Mahayana Hall of Famen Temple"

The Pagoda was built in 2004, planned and designed by Taiwan's famous architectural designer Li Zuyuan, and was completed in 2009. The tower is 148 meters high and has hands folded together. The real relic of the Buddha's finger bones are placed here.

The relic of the real body of the Buddha's finger bone is placed in the Ashoka Tower in front of the Buddha statue.

After leaving Famen Temple, I found a small shop nearby for lunch. Lao Tongguan's roujiamo is still very good. Have a bowl of mutton soup, it is delicious and not expensive!

It takes about 40 minutes to drive from Famen Temple to Qianling. To the parking lot at the south gate of Qianling, the ticket is 100, the explanation fee is 100, the shuttle bus is 30, and the parking fee is 10 yuan. Please explain that you have to take a shuttle bus, which is a bit difficult. Tickets include the main tomb of Qianling and three open burial sites. There are a total of 17 burial tombs in Qianling. The three open burial tombs are the Tomb of Prince Zhang Huai, the Tomb of Prince Yide and the Tomb of Princess Yongtai. Other famous ones include Liu Rengui, Li Jinxing, Gao Kan, Su Dingfang, and Xue Rengui.

There are exquisite murals in all three funerary tombs. In order to better protect them, the original works are all preserved in the mural hall of the Shaanxi History Museum (tickets to visit the murals are 300 yuan). Now all you see in the tombs are replicas. These murals truly reflect the daily life of the aristocrats at that time and have very high historical value.

This group of "Gulou Pictures" is very, very important. As we all know, our country's traditional buildings are mainly wooden structures, and wooden structures are not easy to preserve. Only three and a half wooden structures before the Tang Dynasty have been discovered on the ground in our country over the years (the main hall of Nanchan Temple in Wutai County, Shanxi Province, the east hall of Foguang Temple in Wutai County, Shanxi Province, the main hall of Guangren Wang Temple in Ruicheng County, Shanxi Province, and the lower half of the Bell Tower of Kaiyuan Temple in Zhengding County, Hebei Province). If we want to study ancient buildings, there is no physical object to study. This set of "Gulou Pictures" provides us with valuable information for studying wooden structures in the Tang Dynasty. The Qilou of Qianling relied on this picture to rebuild the foundation of the Gulou.

sarcophagus

Tomb of Princess Yongtai. Princess Yongtai is named Li Xianhui, the seventh daughter of Li Xian, the Emperor Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty, and her mother is Queen Wei. Married to Wu Chengsi's son Wu Yanji. History books record that in September of the first year of Dazu (701), his brother Prince Li Chongrun and his husband King Wu Yanji of Wei privately discussed the matter between the two brothers Zhang and Wu Zetian's inner curtain. They were killed by Wu Zetian with a stick and died at the age of 17. However, the unearthed epitaph records that Yongtai Princess Li Xianhui died due to childbirth. After Tang Zhongzong Li Xian was restored to his throne, he posthumously presented Li Xianhui as Princess Yongtai. He changed the burial with ceremony and called the tomb the tomb. She was the only princess in Chinese history whose tomb was crowned as a tomb, equivalent to that of an emperor.

epitaph

Thief hole. The tombs of Princess Yongtai, Prince Yide and Prince Zhanghuai were stolen at the same time in the late Tang Dynasty. Judging from the methods, they should have been the work of the same group of tomb raiders.

Prince Zhang Huai was named Li Xian, also known as Mingyun, and was born in Chengji, Longxi (now Qin 'an County, Gansu). The sixth son of Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, and the second son of Empress Wu Zetian.

Born in the twelfth lunar month of the fifth year of Yonghui (January 655), he was first granted the title of King Lu. He received a good education since childhood and used Wang Bo, one of the four heroes of the early Tang Dynasty, as a servant to the prince. He has a handsome appearance, a dignified demeanor, and a quick mind. He is deeply loved by his father Li Zhi. In the second year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty (675), after the sudden death of Prince Li Hong, he was appointed Crown Prince. During this period, he supervised the country three times and was praised by Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, supported by the government and the public, and suspected by Empress Wu. In the second year of Diaolu (680), he was demoted to a common man on charges of rebellion and exiled to Bazhou. In the first year of Civilization (684), after Wu Zetian deposed Emperor Qi, he was forced to commit suicide by Qiu Shenji, a cruel official. He was 29 years old. In the first year of Chuigong (685), Wu Zetian issued an edict to restore the title of King Li Xianyong. In the early years of the Shenlong River (705), Li Xian, the Emperor of the Tang Dynasty, restored the throne and posthumously presented Li Xian as a minister. He also sent envoys to Bazhou to welcome Li Xian's coffin and buried him in Qianling as a prince. In the second year of Jingyun (711), Emperor Ruizong of the Tang Dynasty added the status of Crown Prince Li Xian, posthumous title Zhang Huai, and was buried together with the Crown Princess Fang Shi in the tomb of Prince Zhang Huai.

After visiting the burial tomb, take the shuttle bus to Sima Road, the Shinto of Qianling.

Qianling is the joint burial tomb of Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, and his empress Wu Zetian. It is the only joint burial tomb in China where two emperors are buried. Although Wu Zetian issued an edict before his death to take the title of emperor and be buried as queen. Qianling was built in the first year of Guangzhai of the Tang Dynasty (684) and built in the second year of Shenlong (706). It adopted the construction method of making a tomb based on mountains. Liangshan was dug into the tomb. The mausoleum area was modeled on the structure of Chang 'an City in the capital.

Qianling Mausoleum is the best preserved main tomb of the 18th Tang Mausoleum, and it is also the only tomb of the Tang Mausoleum that has not been stolen. Historically, Huang Chao used 400,000 troops to dig Qianling, but he dug a ditch more than 40 meters deep, but could not find the entrance to the tomb, so he had to give up. There is still a deep ditch on the west side of the main peak of Liangshan Mountain. It is called Huangchao Gully. During the Five Dynasties, Wen Tao, the governor of Chongzhou in the Later Liang Dynasty, organized an army to excavate all the imperial tombs of the Tang Dynasty. Qianling was spared due to its solid buildings. During the Republic of China, Kuomintang general Sun Lianzhong led his troops to garrison Qianling under the guise of protecting Qianling, using real guns and artillery exercises to cover a division's troops from stealing Qianling. The soldiers used explosives to blow up many places, but could not find the entrance to the tomb.

The entire Qianling Mausoleum is shaped like a lying woman, and the main tomb is located on the woman's head.

Looking back at the foot of the mountain in front of the entrance, the smog is a bit heavy.

Huabiao, a symbol of emperors, is also found in front of Tiananmen Gate in Beijing.

Uncle Meow

wengzhong

Ostrich, this is an important physical evidence of the Tang Dynasty's arrival in North Korea.

Only the foundation of the city watchtower of Qianling was rebuilt, but neither the watchtower nor the watchtower had been rebuilt, because I really didn't know what the watchtower looked like at the beginning. However, the tower in Qianling is of a very high level. It is a three-way tower. The three-way tower was used in the Tang Dynasty and was only found at the north gate of the Zhaoling Tomb of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

On the left and right sides in front of the watchtower, there are steles to explain the sacred chronicles and the wordless stele.

The Shusheng Ji Stele is located on the west side of Sima Road, opposite to the wordless stele. It is written personally by Wu Zetian and written by his son Li Xian, the Tang Zhongzong. It is a merit stele that praises the achievements and virtues of Tang Gaozong. The Shu Shengji Monument records Gaozong's literary and martial arts, setting a precedent for the establishment of a merit monument in front of an emperor's tomb. Before Qianling, no stele was planted in the tombs of emperors, and no epitaph was placed in the tombs. Qianling broke through this practice, so the stele of Shengji had special historical value.

The wordless stele is made from a complete boulder with a total weight of nearly 100 tons, giving people a solemn, thick and integrated aesthetic feeling. The name of the stele is not inscribed on the top of the stele. There is a dragon in the middle of the surface of the stele, four on the left and right sides. There are a total of nine dragons, so it is also called the Jiulong Stele. At first, there was not a word on the stele, but after the Song and Jin Dynasties, tourists began to write inscriptions on the stele, making the stele without words a stele with words. Among them,"The Book of Jinglue Lang Jun Xing Ji, the Brother of the Emperor of the Jin Dynasty" in 1135 is relatively complete. It is written in Jurchen script, with a Chinese translation next to it. The Jurchen script has now disappeared. Therefore, the script on the stele has become a rare and precious material for studying the Jurchen script and the history and culture of Chinese ethnic minorities.

The mainstream saying about Wu Zetian's wordless stele is that Wu Zetian wants future generations to comment on his merits and demerits, but I think that with the arrogance of a generation of queen, you men are not qualified to evaluate me and are not allowed to leave a word on my stele!

The foundation of the Que Tower

Behind the base of the Quelou is the sixty-one Fan minister statue, also known as the Fan statue and the King of Bin. It was the statue of Fan chief carved by Emperor Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty in Zhaoling in order to explain the late emperor Hui Lie. The stone statue of Fan minister erected in Qianling during Jinglongchu (707-708). The purpose was also to explain the Hui Lie of Emperor Gaozong and Wu Ze of the Tang Dynasty. These stone statues are the statues of original minority chiefs who have submitted to the Tang Dynasty and held various official positions. When the stone statues were first built, the back of each stone statue was engraved with characters such as name, title, ethnic origin, and vassal country, indicating that they were vassal ministers from different ethnic groups and regions. After more than a thousand years of wind, sun and rain, most of these words have disappeared. Only the remaining words on the seven stone statues are still vaguely visible. From these words, we can see that these people are Pei Yijian Mishi, King of Shule, King Ninishi, King of Kang, Yuchi Yu, King of Khotan, King Belus of Persia, Semi-King of Zhuju, Shihuna, Prince of Stone Kingdom, and Tejiedajian, Prince of Tocharian, etc.

Zhuque Gate Ruins

The placement of stone lions in front of the emperor's mausoleum began in Qianling.

Stone lion restored by cultural relics

Standing in front of the watchtower and looking back at Rufeng, the building on the top of the mountain is also a watchtower, and only the foundation of the platform has been rebuilt.

The bare position on the mountain is the entrance to the tomb path. In 1958, several local farmers exploded rocks and exploded rocks, accidentally blasting the entrance of the tomb path. In February 1960, Shaanxi Province established the Qianling Excavation Committee. After preliminary excavation, it was confirmed that the bombed site was the underground palace tomb path, and the excavation of the underground palace tomb path of Qianling began on April 3. On May 12, all stone masonry in the tomb road was disclosed. The excavation situation is the same as the record in the "Old Tang Book·The Biography of Yan Shansi" in the Xuanque of Qianling, where the door is blocked with stone, and the gaps in the stone are fixed with cast iron. Premier Zhou Enlai of the State Council gave instructions to the "Qianling Excavation Plan" that we could not do good things and that this matter could be left to future generations to complete. Later, the State Council issued another notice requesting that the tombs of emperors across the country not be dug before, and the excavation of Qianling was stopped.

After coming out of Qianling, I returned to the hotel in more than two hours. The staff from the car rental company came to pick up the car. Everything went quite smoothly.

Day 5 The Big Wild Goose Pagoda, Shaanxi History Museum

When I woke up in the morning, the sky was cloudy. After breakfast, it started to rain heavily. Today is the grain rain in the 24th solar terms. The ancestors are really powerful. They said it would rain today, but it really rained today!

The Shaanxi History Museum mainly includes three exhibitions: "Shaanxi Ancient Civilization Exhibition","Tang Dynasty Treasures-------Exhibition of Cultural Relics Unearthed in Hejiacun" and "Tang Dynasty Mural Treasures Exhibition". The museum issues 6000 free tickets every day, 3000 in the morning and 3000 in the afternoon. Reservations can be made in advance on the official website:

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Finally, an appointment was made in advance, and the queue at the door to collect tickets was terrifyingly long. Free tickets can only be used to visit the "Shaanxi Ancient Civilization Exhibition".

Tickets for "Tang Dynasty Treasures--------Exhibition of Cultural Relics Unearthed in Hejia Village Cellars" are 30 yuan.

Tickets for "Tang Dynasty Mural Treasures Exhibition" are 300 yuan.

I booked the ticket in advance online (not on the official website). The ticket price was 300 yuan, and I gave you a manual explanation of "Shaanxi Ancient Civilization Exhibition" and "Tang Dynasty Treasures------ I took a taxi to the Shaanxi History Museum, and first picked up the ticket at the ticket point. The ticket collection point I booked was at a travel agency opposite the museum. After getting the ticket, I waited for the tour guide to gather all the people and bring them to the museum. I was really surprised to enter the museum. I have never seen so many people in a museum! It cannot be overemphasized to describe it shoulder to shoulder.

The stone lion in front of Shunling Gate. Shunling is the cemetery of Wu Zetian's mother Yang. Yang died in the first year of Xianheng (in 670) and was buried with Wang Li. In the first year of Tianshou (690), Wu Zetian declared himself the emperor and changed the country's name to Zhou, posthumously granted his mother the title of Empress Xiaoming Gao, and renamed the tomb the tomb. The lion is carved with strong muscles and majestic, showing the grand style of the Tang Dynasty.

The first exhibition we visited was "Tang Dynasty Treasures-----Exhibition of Cultural Relics Unearthed in Hejiacun Cellar". This is the ticket gate, and there are so many people at the fee-paying exhibition!

The Tang Dynasty cellars unearthed in Hejia Village, Xi'an in October 1970 were discovered very accidentally. At that time, while infrastructure construction workers of a unit were digging the foundation, they suddenly discovered a pottery urn and a silver jar filled with gold and silver treasures. They immediately reported the discovery to the former Shaanxi Province Museum (the predecessor of Shaanxi History Museum). Cultural relics workers quickly rushed to the scene, received the treasures, and launched a drilling survey on the surroundings. On October 11, a crisp metal sound came from under the shovel, and then the second treasure urn was unearthed. The two urns and one jar contain a total of more than 1000 pieces of gold and silver utensils, precious jade ornaments, precious medicines, Chinese and foreign coins and other cultural relics, with a value equivalent to the rent grain paid by 150,000 men to the Tang government in one year.

This archaeological discovery is famous for its large number, complex types, exquisite craftsmanship and well-preserved cultural relics. It is also one of the most important archaeological discoveries in the Sui and Tang dynasties in the 20th century. These precious cultural relics contain rich information and reveal the life of the Tang Dynasty from multiple angles and levels such as politics, economy, ideology, culture, art, customs, and skills.

蹀躞

The agate cup inlaid with a golden animal's head is the only beautiful jade carving in the Tang Dynasty seen so far. It is the most exquisite jade carving in the Tang Dynasty. It is also a product of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries in the Tang Dynasty. It is included in the "First Batch of Cultural Relics Prohibited Abroad Exhibition Catalog". Its shape is a popular Western wine ware. This kind of wine ware is very common in Central Asia and West Asia, especially Sassanid Persia, and it also appears in murals in Central Asia and other places. In the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, there is a record of Dakang State presenting an agate cup with the head of a beast in the 16th year of the Kaiyuan Dynasty. This precious agate cup may have come to China from the Western Regions as an envoy of cultural exchanges, but it is not ruled out that it was from the hands of craftsmen from Central or West Asia who lived in Chang 'an, or a masterpiece made by craftsmen in the Tang Dynasty after learning foreign crafts.

Gilded gold sea beast water corrugated silver bowl

Gold cup with gold basket and pearl pattern. The golden basket and treasure pearl refers to the fact that the surface of the object is welded with an outer frame made of gold silk and fine gold beads, and then inlaid with gems. From this, we can imagine the complete appearance of this golden cup back then. The decoration of its body was once inlaid with colorful gems!

The golden bowl with mandarin duck lotus petals is plump and plump in shape, solemn and generous, with numerous and magnificent decorations, beautiful and elegant, exquisite craftsmanship, and extraordinary bearing. It can be said to be a microcosm of the prosperous age of the Tang Dynasty.

There is a very fine circle of small gold beads arranged around the circumference of the golden bowl. This was made by craftsmen in the Tang Dynasty using a process called fried beads. The so-called fried beads, in layman's terms, is that there is a certain temperature difference between gold liquid and water. When the two meet, they will splash. Craftsmen at that time dropped the gold solution into warm water to fry fine gold beads, and then choose them to weld them on the surface of the object. This ancient technique may seem simple, but actually covers a series of complex processes such as physical changes, chemical changes, electroplating processes, and polishing processes.

Gilded gold dancing horse holding cup and engraved silver pot. The horse on the silver pot is a dancing horse. It is a kind of horse that has been specially trained to perform horse dance. Every year, August 5th is the birthday of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. A grand celebration banquet and music and dance performances will be held. The scene is grand. On this day, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty would order a horse dance to be performed under the Qinzheng downstairs of Xingqing Palace. During the performance, these dancing horses danced to the melodic beat of the music "Pour Cup Music", with their heads raised and tails raised, moving vertically and horizontally, performing various dance movements. During the performance, in addition to dancing with the horses, you can also perform alone. Sometimes a three-story plank bed is installed, and the driver rides on a horse to spin on it. Sometimes a strong man would lift a couch and let the horse dance on it. At that time, when the atmosphere reached its peak, the dancing horse would pick up a glass filled with wine in his mouth and hand it to Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty to congratulate him on his birthday. After the Anshi Rebellion, the skills of horse dancing were gradually lost and were only passed down to the world in written form. After this pot was discovered, it became the only physical information that could prove that the horse danced with a cup at the birthday banquet of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.

The plain face gold basin was a commonly used toilet appliance in the Tang Dynasty imperial palace.

The gilded swan goose has a ribbon and a silver ribbon (yí). It is used to wash hands with water. It is mostly used for ceremonial activities.

Peacock engraved silver square box

Silver sachet with grape flowers and birds pattern is a cultural relic participating in the first season of CCTV's "National Treasures". The outer wall of the sachet is made of silver and has a spherical shape. The whole body is hollow out. It is evenly divided into two hemispheres with the middle horizontal line as the boundary. The upper and lower spheres are fitted with button buttons. There are two layers of concentric circular machine rings connected with two shafts. The outer machine ring is connected with the spherical wall. The inner machine ring is connected with the outer machine ring and the gold spoon respectively. The semicircular gold incense spoon is placed in the inner machine ring. The outer wall, machine ring and gold spoon are riveted with rivets and can rotate freely. No matter how the outer wall sphere rotates, due to the gravity of the machine ring and gold spoon, the incense spoon can always maintain balance and the spices inside will not spill. This is the same principle as the gyroscope used for navigation on navigation. Datang Technology has led the world for hundreds of years.

The emperors of the Tang Dynasty loved Taoist cultivation techniques. These were the utensils they used to store alchemy materials.

A gold-plated eight-sided silver cup with music patterns is decorated with a musician holding a musical instrument on each side of the cup. They are all dressed in short clothes and wide pants, smiling and different looks. The costumes and hairstyles are not common, and they have Sogdian style. The instruments held by musicians include vertical harp, curved neck pipa, panxiao and other instruments, which belonged to Xiliang, Qiuci, and Koryo in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. The upper part of the cup body is a circular handle composed of beads, and the finger pad has a side barbarian head elephant facing back. The handle, base and octagonal edges of the cup are all decorated with beads, which is also a typical practice for gold and silver ware of the Sassanid Dynasty of Persia.

Later, he visited the "Shaanxi Ancient Civilization Exhibition". "Shaanxi Ancient Civilization Exhibition" introduces Shaanxi's history and culture in chronological order.

Lantian man

Dali man

The painted pottery basin with fish patterns with human faces is one of the representative works of Yangshao painted pottery craftsmanship.

Ji, a three-dimensional phoenix bird shape in the Shang Dynasty is extremely rare.

It is on the plate, and one word is cast on the plate. There are four naked men under the feet. The people are in the posture, holding their knees with both hands, and having eyes and eyebrows. All four were slaves who had been tortured. Punishment was one of the five major punishments of the Western Zhou Dynasty, including Mo, Jiao, Jiao, Gong, and Kill. Both feet or one foot of the prisoner who was about to be punished were chopped off. Slaves given this penalty were not allowed to engage in heavy physical labor, but were often punished for simple labor such as gatekeeping.

Dinghe Gui

Duoyou Ding was cast during the period of King Li of Zhou in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Twenty-two lines of inscription, with 279 characters, are engraved on the inner wall. They record a war in which the Western Zhou Dynasty fought back against the invasion of the Han Dynasty. They are important ancient documents and are useful for studying the history of the Xiongnu and the political, economic, military and ethnic relations of society at that time., have important scientific value. The inscription is concise in structure and beautiful in writing. It is an important chapter in the history of Chinese calligraphy art.

Han Huang Fu Ding was forged during the Western Zhou Dynasty and King Li of Zhou.

Japan's own honor

Liang Qihu

Riqili Yi

venerable ox

It is hé, and the name of the maker is cast in the lid, so it is called hé. On top of the turtle is a sleeping bird with bright eyes and slightly spread wings. In front of the turtle is a long-necked animal head as a stream, and behind it is a dragon looking back as a wrench. The dish and dish are often used together. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, a ceremony of washing was performed before and after banquets. The dish was used to inject water, and the dish received washed wastewater.

Riji Gong, Western Zhou Dynasty, wine vessel.

The cypress wooden coffin in the coffin room of the King of Qin in the No. 1 Tomb of the Duke of Qin.

Du Hufu, a cultural relic participating in the first season of CCTV's "National Treasures".

Qin Dynasty bronze swan goose

Han Dynasty figurines

Gilt gold, silver and copper bamboo joints smoked stove. This smoking stove is made of bronze and is plated with gold and silver. The inscription on the outside of the furnace cover shows that this furnace was used for daily use in the Royal Weiyang Palace of the Western Han Dynasty. From the analysis of the bronze wares carved with inscriptions from the Yangxin family unearthed at the same time, and the records in historical documents, it is known that this smoked stove was originally in Weiyang Palace. In the fifth year of Jianyuan (136 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty awarded it to his sister Princess Yangxin.

Four Gods Wadang

The horse tramples on the Xiongnu, and the tomb of Huo Qubing is carved with stone.

Golden Monster. The reason why this strange animal made of gold is called a monster is because it is a collection of many animals: its body is like a sheep, its mouth is like an eagle, its horns are like a deer, its tail is like a scorpion-shaped, and its four hooves stand on a petal-shaped support. If you look carefully, you will find that the monster's two horns are composed of 16 small birds connected in pairs with opposite backs, and the scorpion-shaped tail is also like a small bird. Therefore, there are seventeen small birds hidden in this little monster, reflecting the wisdom, ingenuity and superb workmanship of the craftsmen. Based on the small hole on the chassis of the golden monster, scholars speculate that it may be the crown decoration on the hat of the Xiongnu leader.

Golden cakes and horseshoe gold

Han Terracotta Warriors

Rü Shou was the Western god of autumn (gold god) in ancient Chinese myths and legends. It is said that Rü Shou was the assistant god of the White Emperor Shaohao.

Rushou is the Western god of autumn (gold god) in ancient Chinese myths and legends

Gōu Mang, the god of wood (spring) in ancient Chinese mythology, was in charge of the germination and growth of trees and was a minister of Taihao, the Eastern Emperor of Heaven.

Copper template for making five-baht coins

The Dugu Xin Seal is a seal made of fine coal. It has a spherical shape with 8 edges and 26 sides, including 18 square printed surfaces and 8 triangular printed surfaces. There are 14 square seals engraved with standardized regular script inscriptions, which are the Minister's Letter Shangshu, the Minister's Letter Announcement, the Great Sima Seal, the Grand Dudu Seal, the Governor Seal, the Zhuguo Seal, the Du Guxin White Book, the Letter White Paper, the Letter Announcement, Yechi, Order, Secret, etc. Du Guxin was the Great Sima of the Northern Zhou Dynasty and was known as the first father-in-law in ancient China. He had seven daughters, of which the eldest daughter married Emperor Ming of the Northern Zhou Dynasty and became the queen of Zhou Mingjing; the seventh daughter married Yang Jian, the founding emperor of the Sui Dynasty, who was famous for his jealousy in history; the fourth daughter married Li Yuan, the father of the founding emperor of the Tang Dynasty.

The painted and gold-painted stone couch surrounded by Anjia Tomb is a stone burial instrument during the Northern Zhou Dynasty. The owner of the tomb, Anjia, was born in Sabao, Tongzhou, Northern Zhou Dynasty, who was a Sogdian aristocrat. He was responsible for managing the Central Asian Hu merchants and xiān religious affairs in trade with China. He lived and was buried in Chang 'an. There are 56 ground-reduced shallow carvings and gold-plated patterns carved on the inside of the screen. The themes mainly express the daily life of the tomb owner during his lifetime and have extremely important historical and artistic value.

The door of Anjia's tomb is also painted with gold.

sachet

Gilded copper dragon with iron core

Painted glazed pottery and gold figurines

terracotta literati

terracotta military attache

The three-color music camel carries music camel, with a total of seven music figurines and a singer girl. The music figurines sat cross-legged, each holding instruments such as sheng, flute, pipa, and clapper to play. The singing girl stood among them, dancing with her long sleeves and lifting her neck to sing. The dancers are all dressed in Han nationality clothes, but most of them use musical instruments introduced from the Western Regions. They represent the new dance music of the new sounds of the Hu tribe that was popular during the Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods.

The twelve zodiac pottery figures

Stone carvings in Tang tombs

Painted ceremonial figurines unearthed from the tomb of King Zhu Yuanzhang of Qin Dynasty, the second son of Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty. This group of terracotta warriors represents a traveling procession of honor. Originally, they each held various objects in their hands to express their identities, such as flags, banners or musical instruments, lanterns, round fans, etc., but as time goes by, these objects have all rotted. Fortunately, their respective positions and duties are written in ink under their pedals, which provides great convenience for us to understand the division of labor of this group of terracotta warriors.

Qing Dynasty tooth carving, the carving of radishes and cabbage is superb! Especially since there were also grasshoppers carved on each of them. The grasshoppers seemed to be chewing on the tender leaves and leaves, but they seemed to be afraid that they would be accidentally harassed. They bent their legs and were ready to escape at any time.

The celadon lifting beam inverted pouring pot was a product of Yaozhou Kiln during the Five Dynasties. The lid and the body of the pot are connected into one body. The phoenix makes the beam, the lion flows, and the abdomen is engraved with branches and peony flowers, integrating the king of birds, the king of beasts, and the king of flowers. The plum-shaped water injection port is located in the center of the bottom of the pot. There is a leaking column in the pot separated from the water. The pot is inverted into the water, filled and placed upright, and no water leaks, which conforms to the principle of the same level of the connector in physics.

After visiting the "Shaanxi Ancient Civilization Exhibition", it was almost 1:30 in the afternoon. I went underground to have lunch. The price was acceptable. The curry chicken chop and rice set meal was 40 yuan. After eating and drinking enough, take a rest and visit the "Tang Dynasty Murals Treasures Exhibition".

The murals in the "Tang Dynasty Murals Treasures Exhibition" come from more than 20 Tang tombs, with nearly 600 pieces covering more than 1000 square meters. Among them, 5 pieces (groups) and 18 pieces were designated as national treasures by the country, and 69 pieces (groups) and 82 pieces were designated as first-class products. The murals of the Tang tombs are extremely fragile and have high requirements for preservation conditions. In order to protect and utilize the murals of the Tang tombs, the museum invested more than 73 million yuan (including a provincial government subsidy of 18 million yuan, and the Italian government soft loan of more than 4 million euros and a grant of 1 million euros) to build a Tang tomb mural museum integrating protection, research and viewing. The murals on display include 97 mural treasures including guest envoys, polo, hunting trips at the tomb of Prince Zhang Huai, watchtower and ceremonial ceremonies at the tomb of Prince Yide, palace maids at the tomb of Princess Yongtai, and 18 sets of auxiliary cultural relics. These murals depict the etiquette norms, living customs, clothing characteristics, entertainment methods and architectural styles of the time. They are important image materials for studying social life in the Tang Dynasty, especially aristocratic life and spiritual pursuits. The ticket price of 300 yuan is still worth the money. In addition, it's best to ask for an explanation. Otherwise, if you watch it yourself, you will just watch the excitement, and the 300 yuan will be wasted. The explanation fee is 50 yuan. Photography is prohibited in mural exhibitions. This is actually laziness. It is forbidden to take pictures if they are afraid that tourists will hurt murals when taking pictures. You can still take pictures of the Mona Lisa in the Louvre in Paris!

The gilded copper horse is a cultural relic unearthed in No. 1 burial pit of Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, in Xingping, Shaanxi Province. This gilded bronze horse is refined based on the sweat-blooded horse produced in Dawan during the Western Han Dynasty.

It was already 4:30 in the afternoon when I came out of the Shaanxi History Museum, and the rain outside had not stopped all day. I took a taxi to the north square of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, and the rain became heavier and heavier.

I walked from the North Square to the South Square in the rain, and the main entrance was here. Due to time reasons, we did not visit this time, so we will leave it until next time.

The Big Wild Goose Pagoda is located in Dacien Temple, also known as the Cien Temple Pagoda. In the third year of Yonghui of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (652), Xuanzang presided over the construction of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda to preserve the Buddhist scroll Buddha statues brought back to Chang 'an from Tianzhu via the Silk Road. The first five floors were covered, and then it was covered to nine floors. The later layers and heights were changed several times, and finally it was fixed to the seven-story tower body seen today, with a total height of 64.517 meters and a bottom layer side of 25.5 meters. The Big Wild Goose Pagoda is a loft-style tower with dead-corner brick imitation wood structure. There are wooden stairs in the tower for climbing to the top.

Dacien Temple was established by Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, in the 22nd year of Zhenguan (648) of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, in order to remember his mother, Empress Zhangsun, while serving as prince. Master Xuanzang founded here, one of the eight major sects of Han Buddhism (also known as Fa Fa Sect, Jushe Sect, and Cien Sect), and became the ancestral court of Weishi Sect. It was also one of the three major Buddhist scriptures translation sites in Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty (the other two were Jianfu Temple and Daxingshan Temple).

The statue of Master Xuanzang on the south square is the most shocking. Xuanzang's firm belief in indomitable courage as he traveled west is vividly displayed, which contrasts with the Big Wild Goose Pagoda behind him.

Day 6 Riding on Xi'an City Wall at Xiaoyan Pagoda

Get up in the morning and take a taxi to the Little Wild Goose Pagoda. When I arrived at the door and was ready to buy a ticket, I found that it was actually free!!! This is the only free attraction during this trip to Xi'an! Exchange tickets with your ID card and visit for free.

The Little Wild Goose Pagoda is located in Jianfu Temple. Jianfu Temple was built in the first year of civilization of Tang Ruizong (684). It was a temple built by the royal family to offer blessings to it 100 days after the death of Gaozong Li Zhi, so it was originally named Xianfu Temple. The first year of Tianshou (690) was changed to Jianfu Temple. In the second year of Shenlong (706), the temple was expanded into a Buddhist Translation Institute, becoming another Buddhist academic institution after Cien Temple. In the fifth year of Huichang (845), Wuzong destroyed Buddha, and Jianfu Temple was one of the four temples explicitly reserved by Chang 'an City at that time (the other three were Dacien Temple, Ximing Temple, and Zhengwu Temple).

During the Jinglong period (707-709), in Anrenfang, south of Jianfu Temple, a tower courtyard was built across the street. A 15-level temple tower, known as the Little Wild Goose Pagoda, was built in Jianfu Temple at the expense of the imperial concubine. The Guanzhong earthquake in the 34th year of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty (1555) destroyed the two floors of the tower, leaving only a magnitude of 13 and a height of 43 meters. After liberation, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda was repaired, but the top of the tower was not restored based on the principle of repairing it as before. Compared with the brand new appearance of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda has a more sense of historical vicissitudes.

The Little Wild Goose Pagoda is a brick tower with four corners and dense eaves. It has wooden floors inside, and wooden ladders spiral up to reach the top of the tower.

The Little Wild Goose Pagoda and Jianfu Temple now belong to the Xi'an Museum. The Cultural Relics Exhibition Hall of Xi'an Museum is located on the southwest side of Jianfu Temple. Compared with the Shaanxi History Museum, it is a paradise. There are not many tourists visiting, especially the exhibition room on the basement floor is almost empty. The feeling of booking the venue is so great!

These pottery figurines of ladies are so exquisite, especially the little expressions. They are very interesting, as if they are saying: Hmph! What's wrong with being fat?! Eat your rice?! Our Tang Dynasty regards fat as beauty! So proud!

Golden-backed auspicious animal grape mirror

Gilded silver cup with eight petals with hunting pattern for a lady

Three-color boy superimposed technical figurines

Iron Buddha statues in the Tang Dynasty

The tomb of Shijun in the Northern Zhou Dynasty is painted with gold covered sarcophagus. The owner of the tomb was surnamed Shi, and Sabao in Liangzhou, Northern Zhou Dynasty (Sabao was a religious leader who was also a caravan leader. Anjia, the owner of the Anjia Tomb seen in the Shaanxi History Museum, was also Sabao). The sarcophagus is 2.46 meters long, 1.55 meters wide, and 1.58 meters high. It has a five-room width and three rooms deep, and is on the top of a mountain. On the four walls, there are embossed patterns of four-armed patron saint, god of sacrifice, ascension, banquet, travel and hunting. The content and style of the pattern have obvious characteristics of the Western Region.

Tang Dynasty pottery figurines of beautiful women. Tang Tang really regards fat as beauty. These ladies are too plump.

The large cauldron with clouds and thunder patterns.

The Western Han Dynasty gilded gold phoenix bird bronze bell (zhōng). When this copper bell was unearthed, it contained 26 kilograms of Western Han wine. It was emerald green, clear, and rich in wine. It is by far the best preserved and most stocked ancient wine.

Yongyu has a 123-character inscription cast on the bottom of the abdomen, which records the land given to Shiyong by Duke Yi on behalf of the emperor during the Western Zhou Dynasty.

Wei Gui

In the Han Dynasty, gold and silver were intertwined with cloud patterns and francium.

Xinmang Jiuding. During the Western Han Dynasty, funeral utensils were no longer used in tombs. After Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty, he implemented the Tuogu reform, and the burial of the nine tripods was a product of the Tuogu reform. The tomb from which these nine tripods were unearthed was relatively small and should be a high-ranking aristocrat at the level of Qing officials or marquis.

Han Dynasty pottery lanterns

Standing on the second floor of the exhibition hall, below is a historical map of the Xi'an area.

The second floor of the exhibition hall is a calligraphy and painting exhibition.

Xu Wei's calligraphy. Xu Wei was versatile and unique in poetry, drama, calligraphy and painting. He was also known as the three talents of the Ming Dynasty, together with Xie Jin and Yang Shen. He is the founder of the Chinese Splash Ink Freehand Painting School and the originator of the Green Vine Painting School. His paintings can absorb the essence of their predecessors and be reborn. They do not seek to resemble the shape or the spirit. They do everything in landscape, characters, flowers, birds, bamboo and stone, and flowers are the most outstanding., creating a generation of painting styles and a great influence on future generations of painting circles.(Such as Bada Shanren, Shi Tao, Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics, etc.) has a great influence; he writes good deeds and has written a large number of poems and poems, and is praised as a talented person of the Ming Dynasty; he can play the piano and is familiar with music; he loves opera, and his book "Nan Ci Xu Lu" is China's first theoretical monograph on Nan Opera. There are also zazas "Four Sound Apes","Song Dai Xiao" and collected works handed down.

After leaving Xi'an Museum, I ate a bowl of noodles on the roadside and rode to Yongning Gate. On the way, I met a Taoist temple-Xiangzi Temple.

Xiangzi Temple was originally the former residence of Han Xiangzi and was built in the Song Dynasty. It is the only existing Taoist ancestral temple in Xi'an. It is said that Xiangzi Temple was the place where Han Xiangzi, one of the Eight Immortals, became a monk. It was founded in the Song Dynasty. It is also said in the Taoist circles that it was founded in the Five Dynasties. It was destroyed by war during the Jin and Yuan Dynasties. Now the layout of Xiangzi Temple is scheduled for the Ming Dynasty. From the end of the Ming Dynasty to the beginning of the Republic of China, Xiangzi Temple had always been prosperous. After war, its temple was either occupied or destroyed. The backyard of Xiangzi Temple was borrowed during the Republic of China and served as the office of the cleaning team after liberation. Han Xiangzi is a real person in history. He is the nephew of Han Yu, a famous literary hero in the Tang Dynasty. He was a scholar in the third year of Changqing (823) and was an official in Dali.

The Taoist temple is not large in area, and it is said that it is particularly effective in seeking marriage here.

After climbing the city wall of Yongning Gate, you rent a bicycle for three hours for 45 yuan, with a deposit of 100 yuan per bicycle. You can return it at any rental point on the city wall.

The Xi'an City Wall was built during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty. The scale is much smaller than that of the Tang Dynasty, which is about a quarter of Chang' an City. The Xi'an City Wall is rectangular and has a circumference of nearly 14 kilometers. There were originally four city gates in total: Changle Gate (East Gate), Yongning Gate (South Gate), Anding Gate (West Gate), and Anyanyuan Gate (North Gate). Since the Republic of China, many new city gates have been built to facilitate entry and exit into the Ancient City. So far, there are 18 city gates in Xi'an City Wall. It took us about two and a half hours to set off from Yongning Gate, turn counterclockwise, and return to Yongning Gate.

Yongxing Square, originally the former site of Wei Zheng's Mansion in the Tang Dynasty, is now a tourist attraction built by Xi'an and an antique neighborhood where eating, drinking and entertainment are concentrated.

Xi'an Guangren Temple is located at the northwest corner of the Ming City Wall in Xi'an. It is the only main temple of Green Tara in China and the only Tibetan Gelug Sect temple in Shaanxi. It was built in the 44th year of Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1705) when Emperor Xuanye visited Shaanxi. Special funds were allocated to build it. Guangren Temple is also a palace where the grand lamas from northwest and Kangzang areas such as the Panchen Lama and other great lamas pass through Shaanxi for their pilgrimage to Beijing, so it is also called the Lama Temple.

The Golden Tile Hall is the tallest building in Tibetan Buddhism. Its roof is made of copper tiles and gold. This hall is the only golden tile hall in Shaanxi Province. The hall is majestic and solemn. The interior is a two-story structure. The center of the first floor is dedicated to the 12th year-old statue of Buddha Sakyamuni, and the true body of Buddha and the bone relics. The two floors are the palace of the Panchen Lama. The second floor is the Sutra Depository, which houses the Ming edition of the Tripitaka revised in 1710, awarded by Emperor Kangxi. A complete set of 6600 volumes is the most completely preserved book in the country.

Andingmen. Recently, it seems that Andingmen girls have become popular. I wonder if the real person has appeared.

There is no shade on the city wall, so we will probably die from the sun on sunny days. We were lucky that the sun only came out when we were almost finished riding.

concluding remarks

The six-day trip to Xi'an ended just like this. I felt that I had not had enough fun and had not had time to visit many places. But fortunately, I have been dreaming for more than a thousand years, and when I wake up, you are still here! Xi'an, I will come back again!

In addition, the first sentence every morning: Why am I so good-looking?!